防喷器手动锁紧操作装置研制与应用  

Development and Application of Manual Locking Operation Device for Blowout Preventers

作　　者：陈文云 毛雪平 杨长彪 陈章瑞 曾发明 张颖慧 CHEN Wenyun;MAO Xueping;YANG Changbiao;CHEN Zhangrui;ZENG Faming;ZHANG Yinhui(CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited,Safety and Environmental Quality Supervision and Testing Institute,Guanghan 618300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司安全环保质量监督检测研究院,四川广汉618300

出　　处：《石油矿场机械》2025年第2期77-82,共6页Oil Field Equipment

基　　金：中国石油川庆钻探公司科技攻关项目“安全环保节能方向-动态监测与预警技术研究项目”之“防喷器安全使用技术研究”(CQ2023B-39-1-7)。

摘　　要：为有效解决钻井现场防喷器组位置高、操作平台搭建多、人员操作耗时费力、作业安全风险大等问题,研发了防喷器手动锁紧操作装置。该装置装置由箱体、传动机构、高度调节机构、锁紧杆、连接轴、手轮等部分组成,传动机构由伞齿轮传动箱、独立传动轴、可伸缩输出轴、输出传动箱等部件组成。借助伞齿轮传动优势,优化传动比,提高传动效率,降低作业人员劳动强度。同时利用“滑轮+钢丝绳+双向自锁绞盘”的组合形式构建了防喷器高度调节机构,对高低不等的锁紧杆进行高度调节,并将防喷器组所有操作锁紧杆集成到同一操作面板上。通过结构优化设计,实现通用性配套安装。介绍了装置的结构、工作原理及具备的主要功能,经过厂内测试及现场应用试验,进一步优化了结构。应用试验结果表明,该装置整体性能稳定,满足设计要求,可在同一操作台上实现对防喷器闸板的锁紧与解锁,也可对锁紧杆高度进行调节,降低高处作业风险,提高作业安全性。In order to effectively solve the problems of the high location of the blowout preventer(BOP)group,difficult construction of the operation platform,time-consuming and labor-intensive operation of personnel,and high operation risk,a set of manual locking operation devices of BOP has been developed.The device includes a box body,transmission mechanism,height adjustment mechanism,locking rod,connecting shaft,handwheel,etc.The structure,working principle,and functions of the device have been described in this paper.The device employs the combined form of"pulley+wire rope+two-way self-locking winch",takes advantage of bevel gear transmission,optimizes the transmission ratio,and designs the retractable components such as spline shaft,transmission box,etc.,the height of the locking rod is reduced.In addition,the height of the locking bar is adjusted and the locking bar is integrated into the same control panel for operation to achieve versatility.Through indoor and outdoor tests,the results show that the overall performance of the device is stable,meets the design expectation,can be operated on the same operating platform,realizes the locking and unlocking of the blowout preventer ram,and can also adjust the height of the locking rod,reducing the risk of high-altitude operation.

关 键 词：防喷器 手动锁紧装置 通用性 安全 伞齿轮传动 

分 类 号：TE921.5[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]