新型光控药物设计及光药理学应用研究进展  

Advances in the Design of Novel Photoresponsive Drugs and Their Applications in Photopharmacology

作　　者：戴竞红 张志伟 张隽佶 朱为宏[1] DAI Jinghong;ZHANG Zhiwei;ZHANG Junji;ZHU Weihong(Center of Photosensitive Chemicals Engineering,Institute of Chemicals,School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学化学与分子工程学院,精细化工研究所,光敏化学产品工程中心,上海200237

出　　处：《化学反应工程与工艺》2025年第1期108-118,共11页Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(T2488302,92356301,22338006,22101084,22478118,22122803)。

摘　　要：光控药物可以实现对药物活性的高时空分辨调控,提升药物选择性,在疾病精准治疗方面展现出广阔的应用前景。然而,基于传统光开关染料的光控药物往往受限于光调控-药物活性难以协同、生理环境毒性大、稳定性差等瓶颈,难以满足活体应用需求。药物活性光开关染料兼具药物活性及光开关性能,以此构建的新型光控药物可以实现光控单元与药物活性“一体化”,协同光反应性能与药物活性,有效提升光控药物设计效率与生物相容性。本文围绕光调控效率、生物相容性这两个关键性能,对近年来报道的基于药物活性光开关染料构建的新型光控药物及其生物应用进行归纳总结,对不同种类的光开关染料特性进行概括与评价,最后对未来光控药物设计及光药理学应用前景进行了展望。Photoresponsive drugs can regulate drug activity with high spatial and temporal resolution for enhanced drug selectivity,holding great promise in precision disease treatment.However,due to some limitations,such as difficulty in synergizing photoswitching with drug activity and high toxicity/poor stability in physiological conditions,the photoresponsive drug based on traditional photoswitches cannot be demonstrated in living animals at the current stage.Bioactive photochromic dyes,which integrate drug activity and photochromic properties,allow the construction of novel photoresponsive drugs with an"all-in-one"design where the light-responsive unit and drug activity are integrated.This approach improves the efficiency of photoresponsive drug design and biocompatibility by synergizing photoreactivity and drug activity.This paper summarized recent advancements in this kind of novel photoresponsive drugs based on bioactive photochromic dyes,with a focus on two critical properties:light regulation efficiency and biocompatibility.Additionally,it provided an overview and evaluation of the various types of photochromic dyes involved and concluded with a perspective on the future directions of photoresponsive drug design and its applications in photopharmacology.

关 键 词：光开关染料 药物活性 光控药物 光药理学 

分 类 号：TQ61[化学工程—精细化工]