基于高精度航测的铁路外部环境隐患建档技术  

Documentation Technology of Railway External Environment Hidden Danger Based on High⁃precision Aerial Survey

作　　者：周文明 ZHOU Wenming(Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Research Institute,China Railway Design Group Co.Ltd.,Tianjin 300251,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路设计集团有限公司测绘地理信息研究院,天津300251

出　　处：《铁道建筑》2025年第2期146-151,共6页Railway Engineering

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划(K2023T004)。

摘　　要：路外环境隐患已经成为影响铁路运输安全的重要因素,查清铁路沿线外部环境隐患问题的数量及分布位置是治理外部环境隐患的关键基础工作。传统的人工巡检建档方式存在效率低、有巡检盲区、隐患底数不全面等问题。本文采用高精度航测技术,详细展示了航测建档的全流程工作内容,建立了面向铁路外部环境的航测建档方法。基于高精度航测的铁路外部环境隐患建档方法,具有切实可靠的工程实施路径,能够满足路外环境隐患排查的需求。对于硬飘浮物类、轻飘浮物类、违法施工类及堆放类隐患类的平均建档精度达到95.72%,漏建档隐患占比1.17%,建档成果可靠,可作为铁路外部环境隐患排查的重要技术手段。The hidden dangers in the external railway environment have become a crucial factor affecting railway transportation safety.Conducting a comprehensive investigation to determine the quantity and distribution of external environmental hidden dangers along railway lines is the fundamental work for addressing external environmental hazard issues.Traditional manual inspection and documentation methods suffer from issues such as low efficiency,inspection blind spots and incomplete coverage of hidden dangers.This paper adopts high-precision aerial survey technology and provides a detailed presentation of the entire process of aerial survey documentation,establishing an aerial survey documentation method specifically tailored to the railway external environment.The railway external environmental hidden danger documentation method based on high-precision aerial survey technology offers a practical and reliable engineering implementation path,capable of meeting the needs for investigating external environmental hidden dangers.It achieves a documentation accuracy average rate of 95.72%for hard floating objects,light floating objects,illegal construction and storage-related hidden dangers,with only a 1.17%omission rate.The documentation results are dependable and can serve as an important technical means for investigating hidden dangers in the railway external environment.

关 键 词：铁路运输 隐患建档 试验研究 外部环境 高精度航测 

分 类 号：U212.241[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U298