血液透析患者肠道菌群与高危合并症相关性研究进展  

Research progress on the correlation between gut microbiota and high-risk complications in hemodi⁃alysis patients

作　　者：王家兴 文玉敏[1] Wang Jia-xing;Wen Yu-min(Department of Renal Rheumatism Immunology,Beijing Hepingli Hospital,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市和平里医院肾内风湿免疫科,北京100013

出　　处：《临床肾脏病杂志》2025年第3期256-260,共5页Journal Of Clinical Nephrology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81804055)。

摘　　要：血液透析治疗是终末期肾病患者延长生命的重要方式之一,但是其病死率仍明显高于正常人。脑血管意外、充血性心力衰竭和肺部感染是中国血液透析患者多见的死因。肠道微生物群参与了一个复杂的人体器官网络,与人体多个系统疾病存在紧密的联系。血液透析患者特有的肠道菌群及其代谢产物介导的肠-心轴、肠-脑轴及肠-肺轴在心血管、脑血管及呼吸系统疾病中起重要作用,与血液透析患者全因死亡率相关。在该综述中我们重点描述了血液透析患者肠道菌群及其代谢产物是如何影响心衰、脑卒中及呼吸道感染等高危合并症的发生、发展,结果发现血液透析患者肠道菌群结构变化,短链脂肪酸生成减少及肠源性蛋白结合毒素增多可能增加上述疾病易感性,加快疾病进展,增加不良预后。Hemodialysis is one of the important ways to prolong the life of patients with end-stage renal disease,but its mortality rate is significantly higher than that of normal people.Cerebrovascu-lar accident,congestive heart failure and pulmonary infection are the most common causes of death in he-modialysis patients in China.The gut microbiota is involved in a complex network of human organs and closely related to many diseases of human systems.The gut microbiota specific to hemodialysis patients and their metabolites-induced gut-heart axis,gut-brain axis and gut-lung axis play an important role in cardiovascular,cerebrovascular and respiratory diseases.All are associated with all-cause mortality in he-modialysis patients.In this review,we focused on describing how gut microbiota and the metabolites in hemodialysis patients affect the occurrence and development of high-risk comorbidities like heart failure,stroke and respiratory tract infection.The results showed that changes in the gut microbiota structure,re-duced production of short-chain fatty acids and increased intestinal protein-binding toxins in hemodialysis patients may increase the susceptibility to these diseases,accelerate disease progression and worsen the prognosis.

关 键 词：血液透析 肠道菌群 吲哚-3-乙酸 短链脂肪酸 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]