7×7构型NiTi形状记忆合金绞线超弹性试验研究  

Experimental Investigation on Superelasticity of 7×7 NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Cables

作　　者：周玉浩 连鸣[1,2] 苏明周[1,2] 王颜凯 ZHOU Yuhao;LIAN Ming;SU Mingzhou;WANG Yankai(College of Civil Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;Key Lab of Structural Engineering and Earthquake Resistance,Ministry of Education(XAUAT),Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学结构工程与抗震教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《湖南大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第3期213-227,共15页Journal of Hunan University:Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078411);陕西省创新能力支撑计划-青年科技新星资助项目(2022KJXX-47);陕西省教育厅青年创新团队科研计划项目(22JP041)。

摘　　要：重点探讨了单丝直径为1.0 mm的7×7构型超弹性形状记忆合金(SMA)绞线的力学性能,主要关注其回复能力和耗能能力.分析了热处理方案、应变幅值、循环加载、预训练和加载速率对SMA绞线的残余应变、能量耗散、等效黏滞阻尼比、强度和刚度的影响.此外,通过单调拉伸试验比较了SMA绞线与SMA丝材的抗拉强度和极限应变.结果表明,经过400℃下退火10 min后,SMA绞线具有出色的超弹性性能,应变回复率达到91.7%.在恒定应变幅值加卸载训练下,SMA绞线的力学性能逐渐趋于稳定,应在工程应用中予以考虑;通过预训练的方式可以显著提高SMA绞线的回复能力,未经热处理和退火10 min的试件在预训练后残余应变分别降低了47%和41%;当加载速率大于5×10^(-4)s^(-1)后,SMA绞线的滞回环形态对加载速率的变化不敏感;与SMA丝材相比,SMA绞线具有更好的延性和鲁棒性,适用于在大变形情况下提供足够的恢复力;试验结果为SMA绞线的工程应用提供了试验数据支持.This paper focuses on examining the mechanical properties of 7×7 configuration superelastic shape memory alloy(SMA)cables with a single wire diameter of 1.0 mm.The primary emphasis is on assessing their recovery capability and energy dissipation capacity.A detailed investigation on the effects of the heat treatment strategy,strain amplitude,cyclic loading,pre-training,and loading rate of the SMA cables on their mechanical performance—residual strain,energy dissipation,equivalent viscous damping ratios,strength,and stiffness—was conducted.Furthermore,the tensile strength and ultimate strain of SMA cables and SMA wire were compared by monotonic tensile tests.The results show that the SMA cable has excellent superelasticity after annealing at 400℃ for 10 min,and the strain recovery rate reaches 91.7%.Under constant strain amplitude loading and unloading training,the mechanical properties of SMA cable gradually tend to be stable,which should be considered in engineering applications.The recovery ability of SMA cable can be significantly improved by pre-training.The residual deformation of specimens without heat treatment and annealed for 10 min is reduced by 47%and 41%after pre-training,respectively.When the loading rate is greater than 5×10^(-4) s^(-1),the hysteresis loop shape of SMA cable is not sensitive to the change of loading rate.Compared with SMA wire,SMA cable has better ductility and robustness,which is suitable for providing sufficient restoring force in the case of large deformation.The test results provide experimental data support for the engineering application of SMA cables.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金绞线 超弹性 热处理方案 预训练 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG139.6[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]