老年血流感染患者病原菌谱及药物敏感性分析  

Analysis of pathogenic bacteria spectrum and drug susceptibility in elderly patients with bloodstream infections

作　　者：李华[1] 郝红芬[1] 张宏丽[1] LI Hua;HAO Hongfen;ZHANG Hongli(Department of Pharmacy,Tianjin Beichen Hospital,Tianjin 300400,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市北辰医院药剂科,天津300400

出　　处：《中国处方药》2025年第5期38-41,共4页Journal of China Prescription Drug

基　　金：天津市北辰区科技项目(SHGY-2023009)。

摘　　要：目的分析老年血流感染患者病原菌谱及药物敏感性。方法选取医院2020年1月~2023年12月血流感染患者544例进行回顾性分析,选择其中403例老年血流感染患者的血标本作为研究对象,分析病原菌谱及药物敏感性。结果403例老年血流感染患者血标本中,共检出病原菌403株,构成比最高的4种病原菌是大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、人葡萄球菌人亚种、金黄色葡萄球菌,分别占45.41%、18.36%、5.71%、5.21%;在所测试的抗菌药物中,大肠埃希菌对替加环素(100.00%)、亚胺培南(100.00%)、厄他培南(100.00%)敏感性较强;肺炎克雷伯菌对阿米卡星(100.00%)、替加环素(100.00%)敏感性较强;人葡萄球菌人亚种对喹努普汀/达福普汀(100.00%)、万古霉素(100.00%)、替加环素(100.00%)、利奈唑胺(100.00%)敏感性较强;金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素(100.00%)、喹努普汀/达福普汀(100.00%)、利福平(100.00%)、利奈唑胺(100.00%)、替加环素(100.00%)、四环素(100.00%)敏感性较强。结论在403例老年血流感染患者血标本中,共检出病原菌403株,大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、人葡萄球菌人亚种、金黄色葡萄球菌较为常见,是导致血流感染的主要病原菌,临床对于感染此类病原菌的患者应采取敏感性较高的药物针对性治疗,以降低血流感染的发生风险。Objective To analysis the pathogenic bacterial spectrum and drug susceptibility in elderly patients with bloodstream infections.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 544 patients with bloodstream infections from January 2020 to December 2023 in a hospital.Blood specimens of 403 cases of elderly patients with bloodstream infections were selected as the study objects to analysis the pathogenic bacterial spectrum and drug susceptibility.Results A total of 403 pathogenic bacteria were detected in 403 blood specimens of elderly patients with bloodstream infections,and the four pathogenic bacterias with the highest composition ratios were Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus hominis subsp.hominis,and Staphylococcus aureus,which accounted for 45.41%,18.36%,5.71%,and 5.21%of the total,respectively;Escherichia coli was highly sensitive to tigecycline(100.00%),imipenem(100.00%)and ertapenem(100.00%)in the antibacterial drugs tested;Klebsiella pneumoniae was highly sensitive to amikacin(100.00%)and tigecycline(100.00%)in the antibacterial drugs tested;Staphylococcus hominis subsp.hominis was highly sensitive to quinupristin/dalfopristin(100.00%),vancomycin(100.00%),tigecycline(100.00%),and linezolid(100.00%)in the antibacterial drugs tested;Staphylococcus aureus was highly sensitive to vancomycin(100.00%),quinupristin/dalfopristin(100.00%),rifampicin(100.00%),linezolid(100.00%),tigecycline(100.00%)and tetracycline(100.00%)in the antibacterial drugs tested.Conclusion A total of 403 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected in 403 blood specimens of elderly patients with bloodstream infections.Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus hominis subsp.hominis,and Staphylococcus aureus were more common,which were the main pathogenic bacteria leading to bloodstream infections.Clinicians should adopt targeted treatment with drugs of higher sensitivity for patients infected with such pathogenic bacteria,so as to reduce the risk of bloodstream infections.

关 键 词：血流感染 老年 病原菌 药物敏感性 

分 类 号：R44[医药卫生—诊断学]