虾夷扇贝裙边多糖的结构及生物活性  

Structure and Biological Activity of Polysaccharides from Patinopecten yessoensis Skirt

作　　者：白光辉 李海漫 董新玉 黄万成 赵前程 李莹 BAI Guanghui;LI Haiman;DONG Xinyu;HUANG Wancheng;ZHAO Qiancheng;LI Ying(College of Food Science and Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Zoneco Group Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116001,China;Liaoning Provincial Marine Healthy Food Engineering Research Centre,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学食品科学与工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]獐子岛集团股份有限公司,辽宁大连116001 [3]辽宁省海洋健康食品工程研究中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《食品与生物技术学报》2024年第12期92-100,共9页Journal of Food Science and Biotechnology

基　　金：2023年中央财政对辽宁渔业补助项目(20230015-22);辽宁省科技厅自然科学基金面上项目(2023-MS-283);辽宁省教育厅项目(JYTMS20230484,LJKZZ20220090)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究虾夷扇贝裙边二次酶解醇沉多糖的结构特征及其生物活性。【方法】采用高效液相色谱、紫外光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析虾夷扇贝裙边多糖结构,测定虾夷扇贝裙边多糖的抗氧化活性和细胞免疫活性,并通过动物试验研究虾夷扇贝裙边多糖对小鼠肠道菌群和结肠组织免疫球蛋白的影响。【结果】虾夷扇贝裙边多糖由5种单糖组成,相对分子质量为2.538×105,具有以α-型糖苷键为主、不含糖醛酸的D型吡喃环结构。虾夷扇贝裙边多糖的抗氧化活性较弱,其1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基(DPPH)和羟基自由基清除率分别仅为VC(阳性对照)的19.7%和20.1%;虾夷扇贝裙边多糖能够促进巨噬细胞分泌细胞因子和NO,当虾夷扇贝裙边多糖质量浓度为200μg/mL时,肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)质量浓度和NO浓度分别提高了75.7%、22.8%、46.6%;虾夷扇贝裙边多糖能够改善小鼠肠道菌群组成,显著增加双歧杆菌和拟杆菌等益生菌的数量,灌胃高剂量虾夷扇贝裙边多糖的小鼠结肠组织中免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)质量浓度分别提高了13.6%、68.7%、23.9%。【结论】虾夷扇贝裙边多糖具有促进益生菌增殖和调节免疫的功能,该研究为虾夷扇贝裙边多糖的进一步开发和利用提供了理论依据。[Objective]Polysaccharides were extracted from Patinopecten yessoensis skirt by twice enzymatic hydrolysis and alcohol precipitation.[Method]High performance liquid chromatography,ultraviolet spectroscopy,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to characterize the polysaccharide structure,and the antioxidant activity and immunomodulatory activity of the extracted polysaccharides were determined.Furthermore,animal experiments were carried out to examine the effects of the extracted polysaccharides on gut microbiota and colonic immunoglobin in mice.[Result]The polysaccharides were composed of five monosaccharides,with an average molecular weight of 2.538×105.The polysaccharides had a D type pyran ring structure withα-glycosidic bond and no uronic acid.The extracted polysaccharides showed weak antioxidant activity,with the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)and hydroxyl free radical scavenging rates only 19.7%and 20.1%those of vitamin C(positive control),respectively.The extracted polysaccharides promoted macrophages to secrete cytokines and nitric oxide(NO).At the mass concentration of 200μg/mL,the extracted polysaccharides increased the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and NO by 75.7%,22.8%,and 46.6%,respectively.In addition,the polysaccharides improved the gut microbiota structure in mice by significantly increasing the relative abundance of probiotic genera(Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides).The mass concentrations of immunoglobin A,immunoglobin G,and immunoglobin M in the colon tissue of mice fed with a high dose of polysaccharides increased by 13.6%,68.7%,and 23.9%,respectively.[Conclusion]The polysaccharides from Patinopecten yessoensis skirt promoted the proliferation of probiotics and regulated the immunity.The findings provide a theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of polysaccharides from Patinopecten yessoensis skirt.

关 键 词：虾夷扇贝裙边 多糖 生物活性 结构 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]