未成年人消费检察公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿困境与逻辑进路  

Dilemmas and Logical Progression of Punitive Damages in Public Interest Litigation for Minors’Consumption Protection

作　　者：于越 YU Yue(School of Criminal Law,East China University of Political Science and Law,Shanghai 200042,China)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海200042

出　　处：《山东青年政治学院学报》2025年第2期31-40,共10页Journal of Shandong Youth University of Political Science

基　　金：上海市检察机关重点项目“未成年人权益保护检察公益诉讼研究”(SH2024204)。

摘　　要：惩罚性赔偿制度在消费公益诉讼等领域得到了广泛应用,其适用范围正在逐步扩大,在未成年人保护领域也有成功探索。该制度契合未成年人检察公益保护的特殊诉讼形态,符合最有利于未成年人的保护原则,其预防与惩罚功能有助于解决未成年人消费权益保护“主体性弱化”救济的困境。但鉴于未成年人的身份独特性,未成年人消费公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿存在着适用范围不明、计算方式不合理及保管和使用不妥当等问题。应在检察公益诉讼专门立法的背景之下,适当扩展惩罚性赔偿制度的适用范围,以“不法利润”为计算基数,以幅度系数为计算倍数确定计算规则,创设未成年人消费公益诉讼惩罚性赔偿金的专门公益基金账户,以期为未成年人消费权益保护构筑法律屏障。The punitive damages system has been widely employed in public interest litigation fields such as consumer public interest litigation,and its applications are gradually expanding,with successful explorations in minor protection.This system fits the special litigation form of public interest protection in the prosecution of minors and is in line with the principle of protection that is most beneficial to minors.Additionally,its preventive and punitive functions help to solve the dilemma of weakening subjectivity in the relief of minors’consumer rights and interest protection.Given the unique identity of minors,there are problems in the punitive damages for public interest litigation of minors’consumption,such as the unclear application scope,unreasonable calculation methods,and improper custody and utilization.In the context of specialized legislation for public interest litigation in prosecution,the application scope of the punitive damages system should be appropriately expanded.By adopting“illegal profits”as the calculation base and the amplitude coefficient as the calculation multiple,the calculation rule is determined.A special public interest fund account for punitive damages in public interest litigation for minors’consumption is created to build a legal barrier for the protection of minors’consumer rights and interests and provide a reference for the improvement of the system of minor protection.

关 键 词：惩罚性赔偿制度 未成年人 检察公益诉讼 消费领域 

分 类 号：DF5[政治法律—民商法学]