论惩罚性赔偿在生态环境损害中适用的问题  

On the Issues of the Application of Punitive Damages in Ecological and Environmental Damage

作　　者：陈谦[1] Chen Qian(Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064)

机构地区：[1]长安大学,西安710064

出　　处：《西部学刊》2025年第5期69-72,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：《民法典》第一千二百三十二条规定了环境侵权的惩罚性赔偿规则,相关司法解释明确其可适用于生态环境损害救济场域中。生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿制度作为以私法形式存在的公法规则,发挥着补偿、惩罚、预防的功能。法律规定的模糊性为法官自由裁量留下了极大的空间,使其在适用中面临相关公法规则不完善、与其他公法责任的衔接不明确、惩罚性赔偿金考量标准笼统等问题。因此,应当加快完善生态环境损害惩罚性赔偿制度自身的公法规则,协调与其他公法规则的关系,明确惩罚性赔偿金的影响因素,从而将该制度落到实处。Article 1232 of the Civil Code stipulates the rules of punitive damages for environmental torts,and the relevant judicial interpretations clarify that it can be applied in the field of ecological and environmental damage relief.As a public law rule existing in the form of private law,the system of punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage plays the functions of compensation,punishment and prevention.The ambiguity of the legal provisions leaves a large space for judges’discretion,making it face problems such as the imperfection of relevant public law rules,the unclear connection with other public law responsibilities,and the general consideration standards of punitive damages during application.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the improvement of the public law rules of the system of punitive damages for ecological and environmental damage itself,coordinate its relationship with other public law rules,and clarify the influencing factors of punitive damages,so as to implement the system effectively.

关 键 词：惩罚性赔偿 生态损害赔偿 环境侵权 《民法典》 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D923[政治法律—法学]