基于自然解决方案(NbS)的城市雨洪灾害韧性提升研究  

Enhancing Urban Flood Disaster Resilience Based on Nature-Based Solutions

作　　者：张永萌 翟国方[1] Zhang Yongmeng;Zhai Guofang(Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《上海城市管理》2025年第2期26-35,共10页Shanghai Urban Management

摘　　要：随着城市化进程的加速,极端暴雨事件频发,城市内涝风险日益加剧,对城市防涝体系的韧性提出了更高要求。以韧性城市理念为指导,分析我国城市雨洪现状,重点引入基于自然的解决方案(NbS),探讨其在提升城市防涝能力中的关键作用。研究通过借鉴国内外典型案例,总结其成功经验,提出了城市防涝体系韧性提升的基本原则,涵盖全方位考量、多尺度统筹、多情景推演、全社会参与及全过程治理五个方面。在此基础上,结合NbS理念探讨城市雨洪韧性提升的具体策略,包括国空对接与风险评估、构建多层级多样化排水体系、水文串联与挖掘蓝绿空间、地下空间防涝设计与改造以及社区级防涝自救能力建设等,以期为城市防涝体系提供科学、可持续的解决方案,增强城市在面对洪涝灾害时的韧性和恢复力。同时,为平急两用模式的应用提供理论支持和实践参考。With the acceleration of urbanization,extreme rainstorm events occur frequently,and the risk of urban water logging is increasingly aggravated,which puts forward higher requirements for the resilience of urban water logging prevention system.Guided by the concept of resilient city,this study analyzes the current situation of urban storm water in China,and focuses on the introduction of nature-based solutions(NbS)to explore its key role in improving urban water logging prevention capacity.By referring to typical cases at home and abroad and summarizing its successful experience,the paper puts forward the basic principles for improving the resilience of urban water logging prevention system,including five aspects:all-round consideration,multi-scale planning,multi-scenario deduction,participation of the whole society and whole-process governance.On this basis,the study combined NBS concept to explore specific strategies to improve urban rainwater resilience,including state-air docking and risk assessment,construction of multi-level and diversified drainage system,hydro-logical series and excavation of blue and green space,underground space water logging prevention design and transformation,and community-level water logging prevention and self-rescue capacity construction.It is expected to provide scientific and sustainable solutions for urban water logging prevention system,enhance the resilience of cities in the face of flood disasters,and provide theoretical support and practical reference for the application of dual-use mode of emergency management.

关 键 词：韧性城市 基于自然的解决方案 雨洪灾害韧性 平急两用 城市防涝体系 

分 类 号：TU9[建筑科学]