基于钻孔深度实时监测的地层特性研究  

Study on Formation Characteristics Based on Real-Time Borehole Depth Monitoring

作　　者：邬志超 黄曼 吴早生 胡春东 WU Zhichao;HUANG Man;WU Zaosheng;HU Chundong(School of Civil Engineering,Shaoxing University,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000;Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics and Geohazards of Zhejiang Province,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000;Huahui Engineering Design Group Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing,Zhejiang 312000)

机构地区：[1]绍兴文理学院土木工程学院,浙江绍兴312000 [2]浙江省岩石力学与地质灾害重点实验室,浙江绍兴312000 [3]华汇工程设计集团股份有限公司,浙江绍兴312000

出　　处：《绍兴文理学院学报》2025年第2期20-28,共9页Journal of Shaoxing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目“多因素作用下系列尺寸含水充填岩石节理剪切机理与模型”(42272333)。

摘　　要：钻孔过程监测是对地下岩土体最直接的工程岩土体力学性能测试,其各项随钻参数体现了最真实的勘探地层信息。以液压立轴式钻机为研究对象,利用各项传感器对钻机回转器立轴位置移动和液压系统的给进、提升压力进行监测。分析各随钻参数在工作时间内的变化规律与钻机工作状态间的对应关系。通过钻进状态确定有效钻进深度,推导钻孔深度的计算公式。进一步取得钻孔深度随时间的变化曲线,曲线斜率反映出钻机对地层的钻进速率,钻进速率在岩层和土层的分界面处变化明显。结合工程实例,发现钻进速率可反映地层的不均匀性,与地层强度呈负相关。对监测数据统计分析后发现岩层的钻进速率范围在1.3~5.4 mm/s,土层的钻进速率范围在6.3~67.6 mm/s。上述钻孔深度实时监测方法能够识别地层的层位和强度变化,提高岩土工程勘察的质量。Drilling process monitoring is a direct and in-situ engineering rock mass performance test of underground rock mass,and its parameters while drilling reflect the most real exploration formation information.Taking hydraulic vertical shaft drilling machine as the research object,sensors are used to monitor the vertical shaft position movement of drilling rig slewing device and the rising and falling hydraulic pressure of oil circuit system.The corresponding relationship between the variation law of each parameter while drilling and the working state of the rig is analyzed.The effective drilling depth is determined by drilling state,and the calculation formula of borehole depth is derived.The change curve of borehole depth with time is further obtained.The curve slope,or drilling rate,varies significantly at the interface between rock and soil.Combined with engineering examples,it is found that drilling rate can reflect the formation inhomogeneity and has a negative correlation with formation strength.Drilling rates ranged from 1.3 to 5.4 mm/s in the rock layer and ranged 6.3 to 67.6 mm/s in the soil layer.The real-time monitoring method of drilling depth can identify the distribution and intensity changes of strata and improve the quality of geotechnical investigation.

关 键 词：钻孔监测 随钻参数 钻孔深度 钻进速率 地层强度 

分 类 号：TU45[建筑科学—岩土工程]