数字化转型、企业出口产品转换与出口产品质量  

Digital Transformation,Enterprises’Export Product Switching,and Export Product Quality

作　　者：吴含 李杰 WU Han;LI Jie(Guangdong Institute for International Strategies,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou 510420,China;Institute of Industrial Economics,Jinan University,Guangzhou 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学广东国际战略研究院,广东广州510420 [2]暨南大学产业经济研究院,广东广州510632

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2025年第1期29-45,共17页Journal of Liaoning University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“畅通国内大循环、促进国内国际双循环的市场设计研究”(21JZD025);国家自然科学基金面上项目“中间品贸易自由化对我国企业自主研发和国际研发合作的影响:机理、效应与政策分析”(72173055);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“人工智能对企业出口产品成本加成率的影响研究”(72203051);教育部人文社会科学研究青年项目“外部需求冲击对中国企业出口产品成本加成率的影响研究”(22YJC790139)。

摘　　要：文章基于多产品企业异质性模型,将数字化转型决策引入其中,分析数字化转型对企业出口产品转换及出口产品质量的作用机制。理论研究发现,数字化转型能通过降低贸易成本促进企业在特定市场的出口产品转换,进而改善出口产品质量。利用2007—2016年上市公司和海关数据的匹配数据进行实证检验,发现数字化转型会促进企业出口产品转换,产品在市场上的进入与退出活动增加,企业的出口产品范围有所扩张。机制分析表明,数字化转型主要通过提高企业生产效率促进出口产品转换,由此引发企业出口产品质量的显著提高。拓展性研究发现,数字化转型带来的出口产品质量提升主要体现在核心产品和现有产品的质量升级。此外,数字化转型加剧了企业出口产品的离散程度,促进了出口产品结构向出口额和出口质量更优的产品偏移。本文的研究为数字化转型促进多产品出口企业资源优化配置提供了微观证据。Based on the multi-product enterprises heterogeneous model,the paper introduces digital transformation decision-making to the theoretical framework,and analyzes the mechanism through which digital transformation exerts impact on export product switching and export product quality.Theoretical results show that digital transformation can promote export product switching in designated markets by decreasing trade cost,thus enhancing export product quality.By doing empirical test with merged data from 2007 to 2016 from Chinese listed companies and China Customs,it is observed that digital transformation will boost enterprises'export product switching with the increase of the entry and exit of products in the market and the expansion of the scope of enterprises'export products.Mechanism analysis shows that the promotion effect of digital transformation on export product switching is mainly due to the rise of productivity,thus promoting the remarkable improvement of export product quality.Extensive studies show that the upgrading effect induced by digital transformation on export product quality is mainly represented by the quality improvement of core products and existing products.In addition,digital transformation intensifies the dispersion of enterprises'export products,and leads the structure of export products moving towards the products with higher export values and better export quality.The studies provide micro evidence of how digital transformation optimizes the resource allocation within multiproduct exporting enterprises.

关 键 词：数字化转型 产品转换 出口产品质量 资源配置 

分 类 号：F740.4[经济管理—国际贸易]