基于主成分和聚类分析综合评价塔额盆地油菜新品种(系)  

Comprehensive evaluation of new variety(strain)in Taer Basin based on principal component analysis and cluster analysis

作　　者：王贺亚 罗静静 孟玲 李怀胜 艾海峰 贾东海[2] WANG Heya;LUO Jingjing;MENG Ling;LI Huaisheng;AI Haifeng;JIA Donghai(Institute of Agricultural Sciences(Institute of Animal Science)of the Ninth Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Tacheng Xinjiang 834600,China;Institute of Economic Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所(畜牧科学研究所),新疆塔城834600 [2]新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐832000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2025年第1期118-128,共11页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家油菜产业技术体系(CARS-12);新疆生产建设兵团第九师科技特派员创新创业项目(特色作物高产栽培科技特派员团队创新创业)。

摘　　要：【目的】选育塔额盆地优质春油菜新品种,为塔额盆地油菜选择育种提供科学的理论依据。【方法】以15份油菜品种(系)为参试材料,利用主成分分析、聚类分析对参试品种(系)进行综合评价。【结果】参试品种生育期在93~100 d,油菜品种(系)11个性状对产量的有较大正相关的有单株产量、全株角果数、一级分枝数、二级分枝数、千粒重和角果粒数相关系数分别为0.44^(*)、0.36^(*)、0.34^(*)、0.24、0.18和0.16,在育种中应该更加关注提高全单株产量、全株角果数和一级分枝数,降低分枝高度;前4成分累计贡献率达到78.472%;对应的方差贡献率加权求和:F=0.4483F_(1)+0.2671F_(2)+1568F_(3)+1279F_(4)。排名第1的品种为YC_(6)(新油17号),其得分为306.63分,其表征11个性状指标综合表现最佳,在15个参试品种中YC_(6)(新油17号)适应塔额盆地的能力相对最强;可将15个参试品种聚分为4大类群;第1类群包括YC_(2)、YC_(3)等4个品种,平均产量最低,为3433.15 kg/hm^(2),属于低产群体;第2类群包括YC_(5)、YC_(6)等5个品种,平均产量最高,为3669.22 kg/hm^(2),属于中高产群体;第3类群包括YC_(12)和YC_(13)等5个品种,产量较低,平均为3522.60 kg/hm^(2),属于中低产群体;YC_(15)为第4类,产量最高,为3891.90 kg/hm^(2)(高产品种)。【结论】在春油菜育种中更加关注提高全单株产量、全株角果数和一级分枝数,降低分枝高度,同时综合考虑一级分枝数佳、茎粗和主序角果数。第2类群和第4类群各性状指标处于中等偏上,其中又以YC_(6)(新油17号)、YC_(8)(CFZqt221060)和YC_(15)(CFZqt221067)表现最佳,是塔额盆地栽培的高产油菜品种。【Objective】This project aims to provide scientific theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of rapeseed in Taer Basin and promotes the breeding of high quality spring rapeseed varieties in the area.【Methods】The comprehensive evaluation of rapeseed varieties was studied by prioritization,principal component analysis and cluster analysis of 11 main traits by taking 15 rapeseed varieties as the test material.【Results】There were significant differences in the trait indexes of different rapeseed cultivars,the coefficient of variation was between 7.43%-29.21%,the greater the coefficient of variation,the greater the difference,and it had a certain degree of breadth and representativeness.The correlation coefficients of rapeseed variety 11 traits on yield were 0.44^(*),0.36^(*),0.34^(*),0.24,0.18 and 0.16,respectively,indicating that more attention should be paid to increasing the yield of the whole single plant,the number of horn fruits of the whole plant and the number of primary branches,and reducing the height of branches.Principal component analysis showed that the principal component characteristic values of the top 4 exceeded 1,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 78.472%.The varieties were ranked and classified by comprehensive scoring values combined with cluster analysis:the weighted sum of variance contribution rates corresponding to the four principal components was synthesized:F=0.448,3F_(1)+0.267,1F_(2)+1,568F_(3)+1,279F_(4).The variety with the No.1 comprehensive score was YC_(6)(Xinyou No.17),with a score of 306.63 points,indicating that its 11 personality traits index had the best comprehensive performance,indicating that among the 15 varieties tested,YC_(6)(Xinyou No.17)had the strongest ability to adapt to the Taer Basin;when the European distance was 5,the 15 varieties could be clustered into 4 major groups;the first group included 4 varieties such as YC_(2)and YC 3,with the lowest average yield of 3,433.15 kg/hm^(2),belonging to the low-yield group;The second group include

关 键 词：油菜 相关性分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S564.4[农业科学—作物学]