功能化自清洁涂层在车载镜头表面的应用综述  

Review of Application of Functional Self-cleaning Coating on Automotive Lens Surface

作　　者：廖依敏 陈汉霖 王方方[2] 张虎[2] LIAO Yimin;CHEN Hanlin;WANG Fangfang;ZHANG Hu(Ningbo Institute of technology,Beihang University,Zhejiang Ningbo 315800,China;Research Institute for Frontier Science,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院,浙江宁波315800 [2]北京航空航天大学前沿科学技术创新研究院,北京100191

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第6期36-46,共11页Surface Technology

摘　　要：自清洁涂层作为一种创新的表面处理技术,近年来在多个领域展现了其独特的应用价值,这些涂层不仅具备基础的自清洁功能,还融合了其他多种附加功能,如抗菌、防雾、抗紫外线等,从而极大地拓展了其应用范围。重点探讨了2种主要的功能化自清洁涂层:光催化型和超疏水型,并分析了它们在车载镜头表面的应用潜力。光催化型自清洁涂层主要利用TiO_(2)的光催化效应,通过掺杂和改性手段提高其可见光吸收能力,从而在光照条件下分解有机物和污染物,实现自清洁效果。然而,这类涂层的性能受到多种因素的影响,如改性物质与TiO_(2)的比例、涂层厚度与层数等,因此需要精细调控以优化其自清洁效率和稳定性。超疏水型自清洁涂层则主要依赖于涂层表面的微纳结构,通过形成空气垫、减小水与涂层表面的接触面积,使水滴无法停留并轻易滚落,从而带走表面的灰尘和污染物。然而,这种微纳结构在受到外力作用时容易受损,导致涂层的自清洁效果迅速下降。因此,提高超疏水涂层的耐磨性和稳定性是当前研究的重点。此外,针对车载镜头的特殊需求,如高温、高湿、强光照等恶劣环境,功能化自清洁涂层还需要具备优异的耐候性和化学稳定性。未来,随着材料科学和制备技术的不断发展,功能化自清洁涂层有望在车载镜头领域实现更广泛的应用,为汽车行业带来更加环保、节能和高效的解决方案。Functionalized self-cleaning coatings have emerged as a groundbreaking surface treatment technology,showcasing remarkable versatility and applicability across numerous sectors.By integrating advanced materials science and innovative engineering principles,these coatings have transcended traditional self-cleaning capabilities,incorporating additional functionalities such as antibacterial properties,anti-fogging characteristics,and UV resistance.This holistic approach not only enhances the durability and performance of the coatings but also broadens their potential applications,particularly in the automotive industry.The paper presents an in-depth analysis on two primary categories of functionalized self-cleaning coatings: photocatalytic and super-hydrophobic coatings, focusing on their potential applications on automotive lenses. Photocatalytic coatings with titanium dioxide (TiO_(2)) as the primarily active component, leverage its photocatalytic properties to decompose organic pollutants and contaminants upon exposure to light. To further enhance their performance, these coatings undergo doping and modification processes to improve their visible light absorption capabilities. However, achieving optimal self-cleaning efficiency and stability requires meticulous control over various parameters, including the ratio of dopant to TiO_(2), coating thickness, and layering techniques. On the other hand, super-hydrophobic coatings rely on a unique micro-nano structure on the surface to repel water, forming an air cushion that minimizes the contact between the coating and water droplets. This property allows water to easily roll off the surface, carrying away dirt and pollutants. Despite their promising self-cleaning capabilities, super-hydrophobic coatings are susceptible to damage under external forces, such as friction and abrasion. To address this issue, researchers are exploring various methods to enhance the robustness and durability of these coatings, including improving the microstructure, incorporating self-repair

关 键 词：车载镜头 自清洁涂层 光催化 超疏水 功能化改性 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]