运动促进骨骼肌线粒体生物合成的调控机制  

Regulatory mechanism of exercise promoting mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle

作　　者：张子寒 王加新[1] 杨文意 朱磊[1] Zhang Zihan;Wang Jiaxin;Yang Wenyi;Zhu Lei(¹School of Sports Science,Qufu Normal University,Jining 273100,Shandong Province,China;²Binzhou Sports Bureau,Binzhou 256600,Shandong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学体育科学学院,山东省济宁市273100 [2]滨州市体育总会办公室,山东省滨州市256600

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2025年第30期6499-6508,共10页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:骨骼肌线粒体生物合成及其运动调控机制是目前的研究焦点。腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、钙调信号等通路于运动诱导的线粒体生物合成意义深远,关乎肌肉代谢优化、运动表现提升与代谢病预防。然而,各通路的相互作用、调控机制及其在运动对骨骼肌线粒体生物合成的综合效应尚不清楚。目的:探讨骨骼肌线粒体生物合成相关信号通路,精准解析运动在其中的诱导及调控细节,阐释运动激活信号通路促进线粒体生成与功能强化的原理,为改善肌肉代谢、提升运动效能、预防代谢疾病筑牢理论根基。方法:通过检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方、维普等中文数据库,以及PubMed、Web of Science等英文数据库,收集自建库至2024年8月发表的与骨骼肌线粒体生物合成及其调控机制相关的最新文献。结合多条信号通路的研究结果,系统梳理了运动对线粒体生物合成的调控机制,重点关注腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α、蛋白激酶A、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶、钙调信号通路的相互作用和协同机制。结果与结论:①骨骼肌线粒体生物合成是一个复杂的生物学过程,涉及多条信号通路的协同调控,旨在根据能量需求和外界应激的变化,优化骨骼肌的代谢能力、抗疲劳性以及整体运动表现,其核心机制包括腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶等关键因子的相互作用和调节。②腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶通过感知细胞能量状态,激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α,促进线粒体生物合成。而过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α作为骨骼肌线粒体生物合成的主要调控因子,能够调节线粒体蛋白和DNA的合成,增强抗氧化应�BACKGROUND:Mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and its regulatory mechanisms during exercise have become focal points of research.Pathways such as AMP-activated protein kinase,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγcoactivator 1α,mitogen-activated protein kinase,calcium-regulated signaling play profound roles in exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis,impacting muscle metabolic optimization,enhanced athletic performance,and the prevention of metabolic diseases.However,the interactions among these pathways,their regulatory mechanisms,and their comprehensive effects on exerciseinduced mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle remain unclear.OBJECTIVE:To explore the signaling pathways related to mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle,precisely analyze the induction and regulatory details of exercise within these pathways,and clearly elucidate the principles by which exercise-activated signaling pathways promote mitochondrial generation and functional enhancement.This will establish a theoretical foundation for improving muscle metabolism,enhancing exercise efficiency,and preventing metabolic diseases.METHODS:An extensive literature search was conducted using China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),WanFang,VIP,PubMed,and Web of Science.The latest publications related to mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and its regulatory mechanisms were collected from inception to August 2024.By integrating findings from multiple signaling pathways,the regulatory mechanisms of exercise on mitochondrial biogenesis were systematically reviewed,with a focus on the interactions and synergistic mechanisms of AMP-activated protein kinase,peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγcoactivator 1α,protein kinase A,mitogen-activated protein kinase,calcium-regulated signaling pathways.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle is a complex biological process involving the coordinated regulation of multiple signaling pathways.This process aims to optimize the metabolic capacity

关 键 词：骨骼肌 线粒体生物合成 运动 腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶 过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α 蛋白激酶A MAPKS 钙信号 工程化组织构建 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318[医药卫生—临床医学] G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]