大洋河刀鲚性腺发育组织学观察  

Histological observation on the gonadal development of Coilia nasusin Dayang River,Liaoning

作　　者：刘忠航 杨培民 张健 张伯序 朱春月 胡宗云 LIU Zhonghang;YANG Peimin;ZHANG Jian;ZHANG Boxu;ZHU Chunyue;HU Zongyun(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases Control,Liaoning Institute of Freshwater Fisheries,Liaoyang 111000,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院,辽宁水生动物病害防治重点实验室,辽宁辽阳111000

出　　处：《渔业研究》2025年第2期194-202,共9页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：辽宁省民生科技计划项目(2021JH2/10200031);辽宁省农业科学院基本科研业务费项目(2021HQ1918);辽宁省自然科学基金面上项目(2022-MS-070)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究大洋河刀鲚(Coilia nasus)的性腺发育规律和繁殖特征,为其人工繁育和增殖保护提供科学依据。【方法】于2020年4月—10月,每月在辽宁大洋河(N39°55′08″、E123°38′53″)采捕野生雌、雄刀鲚各5尾。解剖摘取性腺组织,经Bouin氏液固定、梯度酒精脱水、石蜡包埋、连续切片(厚度为6μm)后,用Nikon显微镜观察,并用CaseView-er软件采集图像和测量,计算性腺指数(GSI)。参照已有标准划分卵细胞和精巢发育阶段,并使用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行统计学分析。【结果】大洋河刀鲚卵巢发育分为6个时期,卵母细胞发育分为5个时相,卵巢发育类型为部分同步型,属于一次产卵类型。精巢发育分为6个时期,为全囊成熟小叶型精巢。6月—7月是大洋河流域性成熟刀鲚卵巢成熟的高峰期;5月—7月是精巢成熟的高峰期。不同月份刀鲚的体长变化不明显,4月雌、雄体质量均最低;刀鲚的GSI随月份变化,其中5月—7月雄性、6月—7月雌性的GSI显著高于其他月份。此外,雄性刀鲚性腺发育略早于雌性。【结论】相比于南方刀鲚,大洋河流域刀鲚性腺成熟高峰期延后且持续时间短,但成熟最高峰时的GSI普遍略高。北方地区应充分利用6月—7月开展刀鲚的人工繁育,以提高授精效率,同时减少在其他月份对野生刀鲚的采捕,以更好地保护野生刀鲚资源。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the gonadal development patterns and reproductive char-acteristics of the Coilia nasus in Dayang River,providing a scientific basis for its artificial breeding and re-source enhancement and protection.[Methods]From April to October 2020,five wild male and female C.nas-us were collected monthly from Dayang River(N39°55′08″,E123°38′53″).The gonadal tissues were dissectedand fixed in Bouin’s solution,dehydrated in gradient alcohol,embedded in paraffin,and continuously sectioned(with a thickness of 6μm).Then,they were observed under a Nikon microscope,and images were collected andmeasured using CaseViewer software.The gonadosomatic index(GSI)was calculated.The development stagesof oocytes and testes were classified according to existing standards,and the data were statistically analyzed us-ing SPSS 17.0 software.[Results]The ovary development of C.nasus in Dayang River can be divided into sixstages,and the oocyte development can be divided into five phases.The ovary development type is partiallysynchronous,belonging to the single-batch spawning type.The testis development is divided into six stages,andit is a fully mature lobular-type testis.The peak maturity of the ovaries of sexually mature C.nasus in DayangRiver Basin occurs from June to July each year,while that of the testes occurs from May to July.The bodylength of C.nasus shows no significant change in different months,and the body weights of both male and fe-male fish are the lowest in April.The GSI of C.nasus exhibits variability across different months,with notablyelevated indices in male fish from May to July and in female fish from June to July,compared to the othermonths.In addition,the gonadal development of male C.nasus is slightly earlier than that of female fish.[Con-clusion]Compared with the C.nasus in southern regions,the peak period of gonadal maturation of C.nasus inDayang River Basin is delayed and lasts for a shorter time.However,the gonadosomatic index tends to be mar-ginally higher during

关 键 词：大洋河 刀鲚 卵子发生 精巢 组织学 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]