益生菌在缓解养殖鱼类高温应激反应中的作用  

Probiotics and their impact on mitigating high-temperature stressresponses in farmed fish

作　　者：邱楚雯 施永海 朱建明 QIU Chuwen;SHI Yonghai;ZHU Jianming(Shanghai Fisheries Technical Extension Station,Shanghai Fisheries Research Institute,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市水产研究所,上海市水产技术推广站,上海200433

出　　处：《渔业研究》2025年第2期248-260,共13页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：上海市科技兴农项目(2022-02-08-00-12-F01180);上海领军人才项目(沪人社专2021-67号);上海长江口主要经济水生动物人工繁育工程技术研究中心(13DZ2251800)。

摘　　要：【背景】温度是影响养殖鱼类生存的关键因素,随着全球气候变暖,高温胁迫引发鱼类应激反应,造成鱼类肠道微生物群结构被破坏,进而影响其肠道健康,降低其免疫抗病力。益生菌被广泛用于水产养殖业,在促进养殖鱼类生长和免疫等方面发挥重要作用,其在减轻高温胁迫对养殖鱼类产生的影响方面也展现出一定的潜力。【进展】本文阐述高温对养殖鱼类生理代谢、免疫机能、摄食行为及生殖发育的影响,概述益生菌常见种类及其制剂、应用范围与效果,以及在缓解养殖鱼类高温应激反应中的作用,归纳益生菌对养殖鱼类的作用途径与机制,旨在为益生菌的后续应用及相关研究提供参考。【结论】益生菌在应对养殖鱼类高温应激时发挥积极作用,包括缓解应激、提高抗病力和优化肠道菌群结构。【展望】未来可从宿主益生菌筛选、应激调控效果研究和益生菌功能改造等方面深入探索,为益生菌在水产养殖中的应用提供支撑。[Background]Temperature is a key factor affecting the survival of farmed fish.With global warm-ing,high-temperature stress triggers a stress response that leads to the destruction of the fish intestinal microbi-ota structure,which in turn affects fish intestinal health and reduces their immune resistance to disease.Probiot-ics are widely used in aquaculture and play an important role in promoting the growth and immunity of farmedfish.They also show certain potential in alleviating the impact of high-temperature stress on farmed fish.[Progress]This paper describes the effects of high temperature on the physiological metabolism,immune func-tion,feeding behavior and reproductive development of farmed fish,summarizes the common types and prepar-ations of probiotics,their application scopes and effects,and their role in alleviating the high-temperature stressof farmed fish,and summarizes the action pathways and mechanisms of probiotics on farmed fish,aiming toprovide reference for the subsequent application and related research of probiotics.[Conclusion]Probiotics ex-hibit a beneficial impact on mitigating high-temperature stress in farmed fish by alleviating stress,enhancingdisease resistance,and optimizing the gut microbiota composition.[Prospect]In the future,further explorationcan be undertaken focusing on the screening of host-specific probiotics,investigating the effects of stress regula-tion,and exploring the functional transformation of probiotics.These studies will aim to provide robust supportfor the application of probiotics in aquaculture practices.

关 键 词：益生菌 温度 肠道菌群 应激 调控 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]