沸石和页岩陶粒与穗花狐尾藻对水体生态修复效果  

Effect of Zeolite and Shale Ceramsite Combined with Myriophyllum spicatum L.on Ecological Remediation of Water Bodies

作　　者：孙健 蔡世颜 李卿 刘琪 张婷 刘向荣 SUN Jian;CAI Shiyan;LI Qin;LIU Qi;ZHANG Ting;LIU Xiangrong(Central and Southern China Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国市政工程中南设计研究总院有限公司,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第3期144-152,212,共10页Water Purification Technology

基　　金：2022年湖北省重点研发计划项目:长江流域湖泊内源污染控制与湖泊底泥利用技术研究(2022BCA066)。

摘　　要：【目的】针对富营养化水体沉积物向水体释放营养盐,不利于沉水植物恢复的现象,研究通过底泥覆盖与沉水植物联合措施对水体生态进行修复。【方法】研究设置了沸石和页岩陶粒覆盖以及种植穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum L.)不同试验组合,定期监测上覆水中TP、TN、氨氮、COD_(Cr)和叶绿素a指标,并探讨沸石和页岩陶粒覆盖对沉水植物生理特征的影响及沉积物中微生物群落的变化。【结果】沸石和页岩陶粒与穗花狐尾藻联合作用有效控制上覆水中TP、TN、氨氮、COD_(Cr)和叶绿素a含量;沸石和页岩陶粒覆盖能有效缓解沉积物对沉水植物的环境胁迫,促进穗花狐尾藻的生物量、株高和叶绿素含量的显著增加,抗坏血酸、丙二醛和蛋白质含量显著降低;覆盖沸石和页岩陶粒后增加了沉积物中长绳菌属(Longilinea)、史密斯氏菌属(Smithella)和Ornatilinea的相对丰度,降低了沉积物中Caldisericum的相对丰度,增强沉积物中微生物的脱氮功能。【结论】沸石和页岩陶粒覆盖后种植穗花狐尾藻可降低水体营养盐含量,促进沉水植物生长,增加了沉积物中脱氮微生物菌属丰度,有利于水生态恢复,可为管理人员利用沸石和页岩陶粒和穗花狐尾藻进行生态修复提供相关技术支撑。[Objective]Enriched sediment can release nutrients to water and is not conducive to the ecological restoration of submerged macrophytes,the water body ecology is restored through a combined measure of sediment coverage and submerged macrophytes in this study.[Methods]Sediment capping with zeolite and shale ceramsite and Myriophyllum spicatum L.planting was set to research the water quality,characteristics of plant and microbial community of sediment.[Results]Covering zeolite and shale ceramsite with Myriophyllum spicatum L.could effectively remain the low content of TP,TN,ammonia nitrogen,COD_(Cr) and chlorophyll a in overlying water.Covering zeolite and shale ceramsite can effectively alleviate the environmental stress of sediment on Myriophyllum spicatum L.in the performance of biomass,height and chlorophyll a of Myriophyllum spicatum L.increasing,the content of ascorbicacid,maloudialdehyde and protein decreasing.Covering zeolite and shale ceramsite increased the relative abundance of Levilinea,Smithella and Ornatilinea and decreasing the relative abundance of Ornatilinea,which may promote waste anaerobic digestion of sediment.[Conclusion]Covering zeolite and shale ceramsite with Myriophyllum spicatum L.reduces the nutrients of water bodies,promotes the growth of submerged macrophytes,and increases the abundance of denitrifying microbial genera in sediments,which is beneficial to ecological remediation.And it is helpful to offer managers useful information to select zeolite and shale ceramsite and Myriophyllum spicatum L.for ecological restoration.

关 键 词：沉积物 生态修复 沸石 页岩陶粒 穗花狐尾藻 水体水质 植物特征 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]