河流污染源调查结果分析与治理措施——以武汉市马影河为例  

Investigation and Analysis Methods of River Pollution Sources and Treatment Measures:Case of Maying River in Wuhan City

作　　者：吴伟 郝学凯 杨晓波 孙浩铭 WU Wei;HAO Xuekai;YANG Xiaobo;SUN Haoming(Wuhan Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430000,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市政工程设计研究院有限责任公司,湖北武汉430000 [2]华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《净水技术》2025年第3期159-170,共12页Water Purification Technology

摘　　要：【目的】城市的快速高质量发展对水环境的要求越来越高,河流污染治理是水环境全面提升的一项重要内容。污染源调查与分析是河流治理对策的数据基础,如何更加精准地计算评估污染源现状是河流治理的重要工作。【方法】以武汉市经济开发区马影河为例,探究河流中点源、面源和内源的污染现状,对污染源调查数据进行分析,利用化学需氧量(COD_(Cr))水质模型、狄龙模型等科学的模型进行污染源及环境容量评估,为治理不同污染源提出针对性治理措施。【结果】调查结果表明,点源污染中COD_(Cr)、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、氨氮负荷为836.3、501.6、21.08、281.13 t/a;面源污染中COD_(Cr)、TN、TP负荷为8 102.74、837、68.42 t/a;内源污染中COD_(Cr)、TN、TP负荷为127.02、15.88、1.06 t/a,污染主要贡献来源为面源污染;马影河农田片区中COD_(Cr)、TN、TP的环境容量为2 959.70、63.86、6.66 t/a;城镇片区中COD_(Cr)、TN、TP的环境容量为3 512.73、185.99、12.11 t/a。【结论】通过沿河截污、市政管网建设、雨污分流改造、初雨调蓄、人工湿地工程和农田片区污染管控等一系列措施的实施,取得了有效的治理,成功将马影河从治理前的劣V类水体提升至Ⅳ类水体,同时也验证了污染源调查方法与模型的科学性及有效性。[Objective]The rapid and high-quality development of cities has higher and higher requirements for water environment,and river pollution control is an important part of the overall improvement of water environment.Investigation and analysis of pollution sources is the data basis of river governance countermeasures,and how to calculate and evaluate the current situation of pollution sources more accurately is an important task of river governance.[Methods]Taking the Maying River in Wuhan Economic Development Zone as an example,this paper explored the current status of point,non-point and endogenous pollution in the river,analyzed the investigation data of pollution sources,and used scientific models such as total phospnorus(COD_(Cr))water quality model and Dillon model to evaluate pollution sources and environmental capacity,and put forward targeted treatment measures for the treatment of different pollution sources.[Results]The result showed that the loads of COD_(Cr),total nitrogen(TN),total phospnorus(TP)and ammonia nitrogen in point source pollution were 836.3,501.6,21.08 t/a and 281.13 t/a.The loads of COD_(Cr),TN and TP in non-point source pollution were 8102.74,837 t/a and 68.42 t/a.The loads of COD_(Cr),TN and TP in endogenous pollution were 127.02,15.88 t/a and 1.06 t/a,and the main sources of pollution were non-point source pollution.The environmental capacities of COD_(Cr),TN and TP in the Mayinghe farmland area were 2959.70,63.86 t/a and 6.66 t/a.The environmental capacities of COD_(Cr),TN and TP in urban areas were 3512.73,185.99 t/a and 12.11 t/a.[Conclusion]Through the implementation of a series of measures such as sewage interception along the river,construction of municipal pipe network,transformation of rain and sewage diversion,early rainfall diversion and storage,constructed wetland project and pollution control in farmland area,effective governance has been achieved,and the Maying River has been successfully upgraded from the inferior class V water body before the treatment to the classⅣwate

关 键 词：马影河 污染负荷 环境容量 污染源调查 分析方法 治理措施 科学模型 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]