T/WSJD 14.1-2020《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学预防原则第一部分:通用要求》标准解读  

Interpretation of Ergonomic Principle for the Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Part 1:General Principles(T/WSJD 14.1-2020)

作　　者：徐擎 贾宁[1] 凌瑞杰 李刚[3] 刘移民[4] 张华东[5] 陈青松 张秋玲 王致[4] 曲颖 张雪艳[1] 杨燕[4] 王忠旭[1] Xu Qing;Jia Ning;Ling Ruijie;Li Gang;Liu Yimin;Zhang Huadong;Chen Qingsong;Zhang Qiuling;Wang Zhi;Qu Ying;Zhang Xueyan;Yang Yan;Wang Zhongxu(Laboratory of Occupational Protection and Ergonomics,National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(CCDC),Beijing 100050,China;Office of Hubei Clinical Medical Research Center for Occupational Disease and Poisoning,Wuhan 430024,China;Institute of Occupational Diseases,Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenyang 110399,China;Guangzhou Institute of Occupational Disease Control and Prevention and Control,Guangzhou 510620,China;Office of the Director,Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400042,China;School of Public Health,Guangdong Pharmaceutical University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业防护与工效学研究室,北京100050 [2]湖北省职业病与中毒临床医学研究中心办公室,武汉430024 [3]辽宁省疾病预防控制中心职业病防治所,沈阳110399 [4]广州市职业病防治院,广州510620 [5]重庆市疾病预防控制中心主任办公室,重庆400042 [6]广东药科大学公共卫生学院,广州510006

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2025年第2期139-145,共7页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所职业健康风险评估与国家职业卫生标准制定项目(102393220020090000020)。

摘　　要：T/WSJD 14.1-2020《工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学预防原则第1部分:通用要求》是我国首个为用人单位和职业卫生技术服务机构提供的预防工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患的指南性标准,涵盖工效学危害因素及其危险源定义、工效学预防原则、危险分析流程、危险控制原则和干预效果评估流程等内容。标准明确了不良工效学危害因素的具体类型及控制策略和系统性工效学危险评估的标准流程,为消除/减小不良工效学危险因素,改善工作场所环境、预防工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患提供了实施路径和实用性指导。本文就标准立项背景、制定过程、基础依据和主要内容等进行解读和分析,为企业管理人员、一线劳动者和职业卫生技术服务机构相关人员更好地使用本标准提供科学、准确的技术支撑。Ergonomic Principle for the Prevention of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Part 1:General Principles(T/WSJD 14.1-2020)is the first guideline standard for the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders provided to employers and occupational health technical service institutions in China,which covers ergonomic risk factors and their hazard definition,ergonomic prevention principles,risk assessment process,risk control process and risk evaluation principles.The standard specifically clarify the specific types of adverse ergonomic risk factors and control strategies and the standard process of systematic ergonomic risk assessment,providing implementation paths and practical guidance for eliminating/reducing adverse ergonomic risks and enhance workplace environments to prevent work-related musculoskeletal disorders.This paper interprets and analyzes the background of standard establishment,formulation process,fundamental basis,and main content,etc.,to provide scientific and accurate technical support for enterprise managers,labours and technical personnel of occupational health institutions to optimize the use of this standard.

关 键 词：肌肉骨骼系统 工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患 工效学 职业卫生标准 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]