复合微生物发酵饲料在母猪饲粮中的应用  

Application of Compound Microbial Fermented Feed in Sow Diet

作　　者：王旭[1] 颜国华[2] 杨玉增[2] 贾楠[1] 张伟涛 孟宪华 魏晓艳 胡栋[1] WANG Xu;YAN Guohua;YANG Yuzeng;JIA Nan;ZHANG Weitao;MENG Xianhua;WEI Xiaoyan;HU Dong(Institute of Agro-Resources and Environment,Hebei Fertilizer Technology Innovation Center,Hebei Acad-emy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050051,China;Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine of Hebei Province,Hebei Baoding 071000,China;Hebei Provincial Animal Hus-bandry Station,Hebei Shijiazhuang 050035,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院农业资源环境研究所,河北省肥料技术创新中心,河北石家庄050051 [2]河北省畜牧兽医研究所,河北保定071000 [3]河北省畜牧总站,河北石家庄050035

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第6期88-94,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：河北省农林科学院科技创新专项[2022KJCXZXZHS-3];河北省农林科学院基本科研业务费项目[2021110101];河北省现代农业产业技术体系生猪创新团队项目[HBCT2023170205]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲粮中添加复合微生物发酵饲料对妊娠后期及哺乳期母猪生产性能、初乳、血清指标及饲料中氮素转化利用的影响。选取48头预产期接近、胎次相近、体质健康的妊娠后期二元母猪,随机分为4组,每组12个重复,每个重复1头母猪。对照组饲喂常规饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组在常规饲粮基础上分别添加1%、3%、5%的复合微生物发酵饲料。试验从母猪妊娠第90天开始,产后第21天结束。结果表明,与对照组相比:①试验Ⅲ组哺乳仔猪初生个体均重和21 d平均个体重分别提高25.00%和14.96%;试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组哺乳仔猪日增重分别提高8.42%、11.88%。②试验Ⅱ组母猪初乳中乳糖含量提高26.64%,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组母猪初乳中尿素氮含量分别下降10.74%、19.74%和17.64%,均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。③试验Ⅲ组母猪血清尿素氮含量下降最明显,降低33.93%;试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组母猪血清总胆固醇含量分别下降32.78%、35.79%和37.38%,均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。④试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ组母猪血清白细胞介素-1β含量分别下降16.19%、24.47%,均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05)。⑤试验Ⅲ组母猪产后21 d尿液氨氮含量降低18.60%,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组母猪产后21 d尿液总氮含量分别降低14.63%、25.27%、30.81%,均与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组母猪产后21 d尿液pH均显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,母猪饲粮中添加3%~5%复合微生物发酵饲料可以显著改善母猪生产性能,提升母猪初乳质量,改善血液生化指标,提高母猪免疫力,同时可以显著降低初乳和尿液中的氮元素含量,从而提高妊娠母猪对饲料中氮素的利用率,为降低氮的排放量和绿色生态养殖提供数据支撑。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of complex microbial fermented feed on reproductive performance,colostrum,serum indexes and feed nitrogen conversion and utilization of sows in late gestation period.Forty-eight binary sows with close due date,healthy phy-sique and similar parity were randomly divided into 4 groups with 12 replicates per group and 1 sow per replicate.The sows in the control group were fed conventional diet,and the sows in test groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere fed the conventional diet supple-mented with 1%,3%and 5%compound microbial fermented feed,respectively.The experiment began on the 90th day of pregnancy and ended on the 21st day postpartum.The results showed as follows:①com-pared with control group average body weight at birth and average body weight at 21 days of Suckling piglets in groupⅢwere increased by 25.00%and 14.96%;the daily gain of Suckling piglets in groupsⅡandⅢwas increased by 8.42%and 11.88%.②Compared with control group lactose content in colostrum of sows in groupⅡwas significantly increased by 26.64%;the urea nitrogen content in colostrum of sows in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly decreased by 10.74%,19.74%and 17.64%respectively(P<0.05).③The serum urea nitrogen content of sows in groupⅢwas decreased by 33.93%;the total cholesterol content in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwas significantly decreased by 32.78%,35.79%and 37.38%respectively(P<0.05).④The serum interleukin-1βcontent of sows in groupsⅡandⅢwas significantly decreased by 16.19%and 24.47%respectively(P<0.05).⑤Ammonia nitrogen content of urine sows in groupⅢwas significantly decreased by 18.60%at 21 days postpartum(P<0.05);the urine total nitrogen content of sows in groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢat 21 days a postpartum was decreased by 14.63%,25.27%and 30.81%,respectively,with sig-nificant differences(P<0.05);urine pH of sows in trial groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢat 21 days postpartum was sig-nificantly decreased(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding 3%-5%compound microbial fermented feed to sow's diet can significa

关 键 词：妊娠后期母猪 发酵饲料 生产性能 初乳 血清指标 氮素转化 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]