钢制双层储罐在外爆冲击载荷下的等效静力计算方法研究  

Research on the equivalent static calculation method of steel double-layer storage tank under the explosion impact load

作　　者：芦烨 曹兵阳 李智超 丁宇奇[1] 李晓琳 尹青锋 LU Ye;CAO Bingyang;LI Zhichao;DING Yuqi;LI Xiaolin;YIN Qingfeng(College of Mechanical Science and Engineering,Northeast Petroleum University,Daqing 163318,Heilongjiang,China;Sinopec Engineering Incorporation,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学机械科学与工程学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石化工程建设有限公司,北京100101

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期898-909,共12页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51604080);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022A003);黑龙江省博士后科研启动项目(LBH-Q20082)。

摘　　要：采用等效静力计算方法对外爆载荷作用下的钢制双层储罐进行安全评价,对其结构设计与罐体防爆设计具有重要意义。因此,以钢制双层液化天然气(Liquefied Natural Gas,LNG)储罐为研究对象,考虑外罐、保冷材料以及内罐的厚度和弹性模量,建立了基于质量和刚度等效的单层储罐当量参数计算方法。以此为基础,分别开展了双钢壁储罐和等效单罐在外爆载荷下的数值模拟分析,通过对比等效单罐和双罐的应力与变形数值,建立了钢制双层储罐强度失效和屈曲失效的等效静力计算方法,实现了双钢壁储罐在外爆载荷下的等效静力计算。计算结果表明:在外爆载荷下,等效单罐与双罐的应力和变形分布规律一致;经修正后的等效单罐与双罐的储罐应力、变形分别有90.9%和83.3%的数据相对误差在15%以下,从而验证了建立的等效计算方法的准确性。研究成果对于分析钢制双层储罐在爆炸事故中的后果及减少爆炸造成的损失具有参考意义。To evaluate the safety performance of steel double-layer storage tanks under external explosion impact load,it is necessary to consider the influence of the double-layer structure of tank wall and explosion impact load on tank stress.For this reason,this paper takes the steel double-layer Liquefied Natural Gas(LNG)storage tank as the research object and considers the thickness and elastic modulus of the outer tank,the cold retaining material,and the inner tank.By comparing the wall mass and flexural stiffness of a double-layer tank and a single-layer tank,a calculation method of equivalent parameters of a single-layer tank based on the equivalent mass and stiffness is established.Besides,the peak overpressure distribution of the explosion shock wave is based on the direction of the tank top,wall circumference,and height.The relation between the incident overpressure of the explosion shock wave the circumference direction of the tank wall and the height direction of the tank top is established.Finally,the reflected pressure of the explosion shock wave on the tank wall and roof is obtained.On this basis,the numerical simulation analysis of the double-layer storage tank and equivalent single tank under external explosion load is carried out respectively.By comparing the stress and deformation values of equivalent single tank and double tank,the influence of tank height and diameter on the structural response is considered comprehensively.The equivalent static calculation method of strength failure and buckling failure of steel double-layer storage tank is established,and the equivalent static calculation of steel double-layer storage tank under external explosion load is obtained.The results show that:the trend of overpressure distribution in the direction of wall height,circumference,and top height is the same for the equivalent single tank and double tank with different volumes.It shows that the reflection effect of equivalent single tank and double tank on explosion shock wave is the same.The relative error of th

关 键 词：安全工程 钢制双层储罐 等效单罐 强度失效 屈曲失效 等效静力计算方法 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]