疲劳对金属矿山井下作业人员危险识别的影响  

Research on the impact of fatigue on metal miners'hazard identification

作　　者：张舒[1] 鲍子怡 王艳 史秀志[1] 黄小丰 ZHANG Shu;BAO Ziyi;WANG Yan;SHI Xiuzhi;HUANG Xiaofeng(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;Chenzhou Mining Group Co.,Ltd.,Huaihua 419607,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙410083 [2]湖南辰州矿业股份有限公司,湖南怀化419607

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1036-1044,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904602)。

摘　　要：为预防金属矿山由疲劳导致的生产安全事故,运用眼动追踪技术剖析其危险识别过程,通过分析危险识别过程的注视时长、注视次数、眼跳速度、热点图等,深入探讨疲劳对金属矿山井下作业人员危险识别的影响。结果表明:(1)在严重疲劳状态时,作业人员识别的危险数量降低了14.6%;(2)在严重疲劳状态时,作业人员的总注视时长和注视次数分别下降29.1%和21.2%,表明作业人员对危险信息的处理倾向和对危险点的目标感减弱,从而对全局危险的侦测水平降低,导致识别的危险数量减少;(3)在严重疲劳状态时,作业人员的首次注视时长下降了25.0%,表明疲劳可能导致作业人员更容易受到环境中无关刺激的影响,从而分散注意力;(4)在严重疲劳状态时,作业人员的平均眼跳速度降低了15.7%,表明疲劳降低人的反应速度和执行能力,进一步导致危险信息获取速度下降;(5)注意力热点图显示,在严重疲劳状态时,作业人员难以识别出昏暗环境中的危险,且倾向于将注意力集中于人因,并易忽略人员上方的危险。研究结果对金属矿山的疲劳风险管理具有重要参考价值,有利于从疲劳视角开展事前事故预防工作。To explore the impact of fatigue on hazard identification among metal mining workers and enhance the safety of underground operations,this study conducted hazard identification experiments based on typical metal mining scenarios,utilizing eye tracking and Electroencephalogram(EEG)technologies.Firstly,EEG was used to measure the fatigue state of 25 workers and the ratio of the power values of EEG q and b was utilized to classify the fatigue level of the workers.Then,we collected eye movement data(e.g.,the number of identified hazards,total fixation duration,time to first fixation,fixation count,etc.)for the hazard identification process of the workers under the two fatigue levels,and used paired-sample t-tests to compare the relevant eye movement metrics.The results show that when subjects were in a state of severe fatigue,the number of identified hazards decreased from 38.83 in the absence of fatigue to 33.17,a 14.6%decrease,and the time to first fixation decreased from 1.805 s to 1.353 s,a 25.0%decrease,suggesting that fatigue may distract the subject's attention from the hazardous area.Furthermore,under severe fatigue,the total fixation duration(30.07 s)and fixation counts(82.83 times)were significantly lower than those under no fatigue(40.05 s and 104.56 times,respectively),decreasing by 29.1%and 21.2%,respectively.This result indicates a weakened sense of target for hazardous points and reduced global hazard detection among subjects.Moreover,the average saccade velocity under severe fatigue conditions(2.31 px/ms)was significantly lower than under non-fatigue conditions(2.74 px/ms),a reduction of 15.7%.This result indicates that fatigue impairs reaction speed and executive function and further reduces the rate of acquiring potentially hazardous information.Finally,the attention heat map indicates that under severe fatigue,the subject's fixation heat distribution range narrows,with fewer dark areas,making it difficult to identify hazards in dim environments.Subjects tend to focus on human factors and overlook h

关 键 词：安全人体学 疲劳 矿工 危险识别 眼动试验 疲劳风险管理 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]