尿液在剩余污泥厌氧磷回收中的应用  

Use of urine for the recovery of anaerobic phosphorus from sludge

作　　者：曾凡哲 郭宇佳 张圣泽 ZENG Fanzhe;GUO Yujia;ZHANG Shengze(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Jianzhu University,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳建筑大学市政与环境工程学院,沈阳110168

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1143-1153,共11页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：沈阳市基础基金项目(24-08-30)。

摘　　要：基于磷资源可持续利用和生态环境保护政策,磷回收对资源管理、推动社会技术创新、实现可持续发展目标具有重要意义。研究以尿液为氮源,采用鸟粪石结晶法同步回收剩余污泥厌氧生物释磷液和尿液中的磷,旨在优化回收反应条件并对鸟粪石成分进行分析。在此基础上,进一步探讨在最佳反应条件下,将鸟粪石结晶法与传统厌氧-缺氧-好氧工艺(Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic,A/A/O)工艺耦合,进行物料平衡分析并测定磷回收效率。研究结果显示,当腐熟尿液与新鲜尿液的体积比值为10%、氮磷物质的量比n(N)∶n(P)为1∶1、镁磷物质的量比n(Mg)∶n(P)为1.2∶1、pH值为10.0、反应时间t=15 min时,为最佳反应条件。在该反应条件下,有大量白色沉淀物析出,通过扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscopy,SEM)和X射线衍射(X-ray Diffraction)对沉淀物进行表征,发现其晶型为斜方形,且其沉淀特征峰与鸟粪石的标准特征峰高度吻合,表明该白色沉淀为鸟粪石。将鸟粪石结晶法与传统A/A/O工艺耦合后,出水磷质量浓度降低了91.36%,其中24.67%的磷以鸟粪石形式被成功回收。同时,出水中化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)和氮的占比有所降低,COD从23.3%下降到14.86%,氮质量分数从22.6%下降到10.5%。研究不仅提供了一种高效的磷回收方法,还展示了尿液资源化利用的巨大潜力,对于环境保护和资源循环利用具有重要意义。Phosphorus recycling plays a crucial role in resource management,fostering social and technological innovation,and achieving sustainable development goals,all in line with policies aimed at the sustainable use of phosphorus resources and ecological protection.To enhance the recovery reaction conditions and analyze the composition of struvite,this study employed the struvite crystallization method.This approach facilitated the simultaneous recovery of phosphorus from residual sludge,anaerobic biological phosphorus release solutions,and urine,with urine serving as the nitrogen source.Building on this foundation,the study further explored the integration of the struvite crystallization method with the conventional Anaerobic-Anoxic-Oxic(A/A/O)process under optimal reaction conditions.This integration aimed to conduct a material balance analysis and assess the efficiency of phosphorus recovery.The results indicated that optimal recovery was achieved with a volume ratio of decomposed urine to fresh urine of 10%,a nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio[n(N):n(P)]of 1:1,a magnesium-to-phosphorus ratio[n(Mg):n(P)]of 1.2:1,a pH of 10.0,and a reaction time of 15 min.Under the optimized conditions,a substantial amount of white sediment was precipitated.Characterization using Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM)and X-ray Diffraction(XRD)revealed that the crystal structure was rhombohedral,with precipitation peaks closely matching the standard peaks of struvite.This confirmed that the white sediment was indeed struvite.The integration of struvite crystallization with the conventional A/A/O process led to a remarkable 91.36%reduction in phosphorus content in the effluent,with 24.67%of the phosphorus successfully recovered as struvite.Concurrently,the percentages of Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)and nitrogen in the effluent decreased significantly,with COD reducing from 23.3%to 14.86%and nitrogen from 22.6%to 10.5%.This study not only presents an efficient method for phosphorus recovery but also highlights the significant potential of urine res

关 键 词：环境工程学 尿液 剩余污泥 厌氧生物释磷 磷回收 鸟粪石结晶 

分 类 号：X-703[环境科学与工程]