制氢尾液制备沸石基肥的成型与养分缓释研究  

Development and slow nutrient release of zeolite-based fertilizer derived from hydrogen tail

作　　者：荆艳艳[1] 张凯 周小楷 鲁严伟 岳建芝[1] 张寰 JING Yanyan;ZHANG Kai;ZHOU Xiaokai;LU Yanwei;YUE Jianzhi;ZHANG Huan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1154-1162,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFE0206600)。

摘　　要：秸秆生物制氢过程不可避免地产生大量制氢尾液,且生物制氢尾液中含有作物生长所需的多种营养物质,有效处理和利用生物制氢尾液是提高秸秆资源化利用效率,实现生物制氢全链条无公害排放的有效途径。研究利用沸石从光发酵制氢尾液中回收养分,并通过造粒和包膜制备一种沸石基缓释肥料,进而探究了沸石基肥的制备成型及包膜材料和沸石基肥粒径对养分缓释的影响。结果显示,包膜材料对沸石基肥养分释放具有明显的缓释作用,其中以蒙脱土为黏结剂,碱性木质素为包膜材料制备的沸石基肥的养分释放率均超过了80%,且粒径为(2.5,4]mm的沸石基肥包膜后NH^(+)_(4)的释放时间达到了18 d,K^(+)的释放时间达到了15 d。The biological hydrogen production process using straw generates a significant amount of residual byproducts known as hydrogen production tail.This byproduct is rich in essential nutrients required for crop growth.Effectively treating and utilizing the liquid tail from biological hydrogen production represents a viable strategy to enhance straw resource efficiency and achieve pollution-free discharge throughout the entire hydrogen production process.This paper explores the use of natural zeolite as an adsorbent to recover nutrients from the byproduct of light fermentation.A zeolite-based controlled-release fertilizer was subsequently developed using a granulation coating method.This study investigated the effects of four types of binders-attapulgite,montmorillonite,crosslinked starch,and oxidized starch-on the preparation and shaping of zeolite-based fertilizers.Additionally,the impacts of coating materials(calcium lignosulfonate and alkaline lignin)and particle size on nutrient-controlled release were also examined.The results indicated that attapulgite exhibited strong agglomeration properties due to its large specific surface area,active centers,and Si-OH groups on the crystal surface.However,the zeolite-based fertilizer formulated with montmorillonite as a binder demonstrated superior slow-release effects for NH+4 and K^(+).The release rate of NH^(+)_(4) in the zeolite-based fertilizer using alkaline lignin was significantly lower at 45.65%compared to that using montmorillonite,which recorded a release rate of 59.37%.When montmorillonite was used as the binder and alkaline lignin as the coating material,the nutrient release rate of the prepared zeolite fertilizer exceeded 80%.The zeolite fertilizer with a particle size range of(2.5,4]mm displayed the most effective slow-release properties,achieving an NH^(+)_(4) release duration of 18 days and a K^(+)release duration of 15 days.Analysis of the release kinetics for NH^(+)_(4) and K^(+)revealed that the release mechanism of NH^(+)_(4) in zeolite-based fertilize

关 键 词：环境工程学 生物制氢尾液 沸石 肥料 缓释性能 

分 类 号：X71[环境科学与工程—环境工程]