水热炭在厌氧消化中的应用研究进展  

Research progress on the application of hydrothermal carbon in anaerobic digestion

作　　者：杨军[1,2] 王书琛 张津铭 YANG Jun;WANG Shuchen;ZHANG Jinming(School of Environment and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070;Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730070)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省黄河水环境重点实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1163-1174,共12页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：甘肃省高校产业支持计划项目(2020c-38);甘肃省科学技术厅重点研究开发项目(21YF5GA051)。

摘　　要：厌氧消化(Anaerobic Digestion,AD)是处理废弃生物质的有效方法,但传统的AD存在停滞期长、微生物活性受阻等问题。水热炭是一种新型的以生物质为原料,经水热炭化(Hydrothermal Carbonization,HTC)制备的多功能炭基材料,其具有可回收、制备成本低和表面官能团丰富等优点,在AD中具有应用潜力。目前,国内对水热炭在AD中综述较少,为填补这方面的空白,首先总结了水热炭的理化性质和木质纤维素在HTC过程中的反应机制,发现温度是影响水热炭理化特性的关键因素以及水热炭相较于热解炭具有更小的比表面积,但水热炭表面的含氧官能团丰度比热解炭更高;其次,梳理了目前水热炭在AD中的研究进展,发现在AD系统中添加水热炭可有效缩短停滞期、缓解抑制作用、富集功能微生物、提高甲烷产量和产率,对AD有综合强化效果;最后,探讨了水热炭强化AD的微观作用机理,主要包括促进种间电子传递、富集AD功能微生物和缓解AD体系抑制。综述有利于研究人员进一步开展水热炭在AD和其他领域的研究和应用。未来应在当前研究基础上,着重研究不同来源的水热炭在不同底物和不同的参数条件下对AD的影响,深挖其表面含氧官能团对AD的促进机制以及对水热炭在AD中的影响机理展开进一步探索,以为水热炭在AD中的应用提供一定的参考。Anaerobic Digestion(AD)is an effective method for treating waste biomass;however,traditional AD faces challenges such as prolonged stagnation periods and inhibited microbial activity.Hydrothermal carbon,a multifunctional carbon-based material produced from biomass through Hydrothermal Carbonization(HTC),offers several advantages:it is recyclable,cost-effective to prepare,and possesses a wealth of surface functional groups.These characteristics suggest significant potential for its application in anaerobic digestion.Currently,there are limited reviews on the application of hydrothermal carbon in AD within China.To address this gap,this paper begins by summarizing the physical and chemical properties of hydrothermal carbon,as well as the reaction mechanisms involved in the HTC process of lignocellulose.Research indicates that temperature is a critical factor influencing the physical and chemical properties of hydrothermal carbon.Although hydrothermal carbon exhibits a lower specific surface area compared to pyrolytic carbon,it has a higher abundance of surface oxygen-containing functional groups.Next,we review the research progress regarding the use of hydrothermal carbon in AD.Studies demonstrate that incorporating hydrothermal carbon into AD systems can effectively reduce stagnation periods,mitigate inhibitory effects,enrich functional microorganisms,and enhance both the quantity and quality of methane production.These benefits collectively strengthen the overall efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process.Finally,we discuss the micro-mechanisms through which hydrothermal carbon enhances AD.These mechanisms include promoting interspecific electron transfer,enriching functional microorganisms,and alleviating inhibitory effects within the AD system.Understanding these processes will aid researchers in further exploring the potential applications of hydrothermal carbon in AD and other fields.In the future,building upon current research,we should focus on the effects of hydrothermal carbon derived from various sour

关 键 词：环境工程学 水热炭 厌氧消化 甲烷 直接种间电子传递 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]