直升机噪声监测与测点频率特性分析  

Helicopter noise monitoring and frequency characteristics analysis of measuring points

作　　者：张明 金秉三 ZHANG Ming;KIM Byoungsam(School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Smart Automotive Engineering,Wonkwang University,Iksan 54538,Korea)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学机电工程学院,兰州730070 [2]圆光大学智能汽车工程学院,韩国益山54538

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2025年第3期1183-1191,共9页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：兰州交通大学青年科学基金项目(2022050)。

摘　　要：以韩国某直升机场为研究对象,通过现场噪声实测分析不同机型在不同飞行状态下的各个测点位置处噪声时域变化规律和频谱特性,并根据倍频带分析结果,利用声能量计算公式,计算各频段声能量占噪声总能量的比例。研究显示,各测点位置处最大声压级、A计权等效连续声压级、声暴露级3个指标所在频段均以低中频段为主,最大能量分布频段以中频段为主。因此,直升机噪声对机场周围噪声污染较为严重,建议后期在机场噪声控制方面考虑中低频噪声的影响因素。In this paper,a heliport in Korea was taken as the research object,and the time domain variation law and spectral characteristics of noise at each measurement point position under different flight conditions of different models were analyzed through on-site noise measurement.The proportion of sound energy in each frequency band to total noise energy was calculated by using the sound energy calculation formula according to the results of octave band analysis.The results show that the frequency bands of the maximum sound pressure level,a-weighted equivalent continuous sound pressure level,and acoustic exposure level at each measurement point were mainly in the low and intermediate frequency bands,and the maximum energy distribution frequency band was mainly in the middle-frequency band.Therefore,the noise pollution of helicopter noise around the airport was more serious,and It was recommended to consider the influencing factors of medium and low-frequency noise in the airport noise control in the later stage.According to the field noise evaluation index of the Korea Civil Airport Noise Management Measures,it was found that the noise evaluation index at all measurement points met the noise management measures of civil airports,in which the minimum value appeared at N1 and N5 measurement points,and the maximum value occurred at N2 and N3 measurement points was 56 dB.However,the evaluation results could not truly and effectively meet the noise evaluation of military helicopters,and it was recommended to formulate and study the evaluation quantity that met the noise characteristics of helicopters for this type of airport noise research and noise evaluation.Besides,the number of military airports in China was relatively extensive,and this paper could provide technical reference and data support for noise control and helicopter noise impact assessment of military airports in China.

关 键 词：环境工程学 直升机噪声 声学测量 低频噪声 频谱分析 

分 类 号：X593[环境科学与工程—环境工程]