皂荚树常见病虫害及其防治对策  

Common diseases and pests of Gleditsia sinensis and their control strategies

作　　者：吴跃开 王小梅 王礼 戴晓勇 王军 王松 刘勇 WU Yuekai;WANG Xiaomei;WANG Li;DAI Xiaoyong;WANG Jun;WANG Song;LIU Yong(Guizhou Academy of Forestry,Guiyang 550005,China;Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Forestry Bureau of Zhijin County,Zhijin 552100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省林业科学研究院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [3]织金县林业局,贵州织金552100

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2025年第6期59-63,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：贵州省基础研究计划(自然科学)项目“基于简化基因组测序的皂荚种质资源遗传多样性研究”(黔科合基础-ZK〔2022〕);贵州省林业局科技计划项目“皂角种质资源调查与收集保存”(特林研2020-11)。

摘　　要：为掌握皂荚常见病虫害种类及其为害特点,采用路线踏查与样地调查的方法,在贵州织金地区开展皂荚主要种植区病害调查,记录病虫害种类、为害部位、症状、分布范围和为害程度等。结果表明,调查共发现皂荚病虫害51种,其中传染性病害18种、生理性病害5种、虫害28种;发生普遍且为害严重的有炭疽病(Colletotrichum sp.)、斑点落叶病(Diaporthe sp.)、白粉病(Phyllactinia sp.)、花叶缩叶病、合欢罗蛾(Homadaula anisocentra)、大毛肖叶甲(Trichochrysea imperialis)、皂荚幽木虱(Euphalerus robinae)、小绿叶蝉(Empoasca sp.)、皂角豆象(Megabruchidius dorsalis)和紫红窄吉丁(Agrilus viduus)。皂荚病虫害种类多、成分复杂、为害方式多样、为害程度不一;需根据各类病虫害的为害特点及发生规律进行科学防治,主要策略包括检疫预防、栽培管理、科学应用物理防治、生物防治和化学防治等。本文为皂荚病虫防控提供参考。To understand the common species of diseases and pests of Gleditsia sinensis and their characteristics of occurrence and damage,disease survey was carried out in the main planting area of Gleditsia sinensis in Zhijin,Guizhou Province by means of route investigation and sample investigation.The results showed that 51 species of diseases and pests of Gleditsia sinensis were investigated,including 18 infectious diseases,5 physiological diseases,and 28 insect pests.Common and serious injuries included Colletotrichum sp.,Diaporthe sp.,Phyllactinia sp.,Mosaic virus disease,Homadaula anisocentra,Trichochrysea imperialis,Euphalerus robinae,Empoasca sp.,Megabruchidius dorsalis,and Agrilus viduus.There were many kinds of diseases and pests in Gleditsia sinensis,complex components,various ways and degrees of harm.It was necessary to carry out scientific control according to the harm characteristics and occurrence rules of various diseases and pests,and the main strategies included quarantine prevention,cultivation management,scientific application of physical control,biological control and chemical control.This paper provides references for the control measures of Gleditsia sinensis.

关 键 词：皂荚 病虫害 为害特点 传染性病害 

分 类 号：S763.7[农业科学—森林保护学]