山西不同起源油松林可燃物载量及其影响因子  

Fuel Loadings and Affecting Factors of Pinus tabuliformis Forest of Different Origins in Shanxi

作　　者：孙永明 王彬力 Sun Yongming;Wang Binli(Shanxi Academy of Forestry and Grassland Sciences,Taiyuan 030012;Department of Biological and Food Engineering,Lüliang University,Lüliang 033001)

机构地区：[1]山西省林业和草原科学研究院,太原030012 [2]吕梁学院生物与食品工程系,吕梁033001

出　　处：《林业科学》2025年第3期27-37,共11页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业和草原局揭榜挂帅项目“三北工程攻坚战关键技术研发(202401)”;中国林业科学研究院基本科研业务费专项资助(CAFYBB2024ZA004)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同起源的油松林中森林可燃物载量的变化规律及其影响因子,为森林可燃物的有效管理及林火预防提供理论依据。【方法】以山西省各林区的油松天然林和人工林为研究对象,在不同郁闭度(0.2~0.9)和林龄的林分内设置53块标准样地,调查乔木层、灌木层、草本层、枯落物层及腐殖质层可燃物载量,并记录样地海拔(701~1739 m)和相关林分因子。通过多重比较法分析不同类型林分中可燃物载量的差异,比较不同郁闭度下各类可燃物及各龄级林分可燃物载量的差异,并拟合线性回归模型确定森林可燃物载量的关键因子。【结果】1)天然林不同林分的总可燃物载量范围为44.2~182.18 t·hm^(−2),人工林不同林分的总可燃物载量范围为19.28~214.06 t·hm^(−2)。2)多重分析表明:在各类油松天然林中,乔木层可燃物载量最高,其次是腐殖质层。除低郁闭度的幼龄林外,其他油松人工林也呈现相似的规律。3)在油松天然林中,乔木层、腐殖质层和细小可燃物的载量在不同郁闭度下存在显著差异(P<0.05),且幼龄林可燃物载量在不同郁闭度下有显著差异(P<0.05)。油松人工林中,只有乔木层可燃物载量在不同郁闭度下存在显著差异(P<0.05),其他类型可燃物的载量在不同郁闭度下均无显著差异(P>0.05),且幼龄林、近熟林和成过熟林可燃物载量均在不同郁闭度下有显著差异(P<0.05)。4)线性回归结果表明:油松天然林中的森林可燃物载量与林分郁闭度显著负相关(P<0.05),与海拔显著负相关(P<0.05)。此外,油松人工林中森林可燃物载量与平均树高(P<0.05)和林分密度(P<0.05)显著正相关。【结论】不同起源油松林的森林可燃物载量变化特征及其影响因子存在显著差异,尤其是在不同郁闭度条件下。因此,在调控森林可燃物时,需要根据林分的具体性质制定有针对性措施,从而有效地降低林火风险。【Objective】The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of fuel loadings and its affecting factors of Pinus tabuliformis forest of different origins,so as to provide theoretical basis for effective management of forest fuel and prevention of forest fire.【Method】The natural and planted P.tabuliformis forests of different forest districts in Shanxi Province were selected as the research objects.53 sampling plots were set up in different forest stands with different canopy cover(0.2-0.9)and age to investigate the fuel loadings of tree layer,shrub layer,herb layer,litter layer and humus layer,and the altitude(701-1739 m)of the plots and relevant stand factors were recorded.Firstly,the difference of various forest fuel loadings in different stand types were analyzed by multiple comparison method,and then the differences of fuel loadings at different age classes under different canopy cover were compared.Finally,the affecting factors of forest fuel loadings were determined by fitting linear regression models.【Result】1)The total fuel loadings of different stands of natural forest ranged from 44.2 to 182.18 t·hm^(−2),and that of different stands of planted forest ranged from 19.28 to 214.06 t·hm^(−2).2)Multiple comparison results show that:in all kinds of natural forests of P.tabuliformis,the fuel load of the tree layer was the highest,followed by the humus layer.With the exception of the young forest with low canopy cover,other planted forests of P.tabuliformis also showed similar rules.3)In natural forests,the fuel loads of tree layer,fine fuel and humus layer were significantly different under different canopy cover(P<0.05),and the fuel loads in young forest was significantly different under different canopy density(P<0.05).In planted forests,only the fuel load of the tree layer was significantly different under different canopy cover(P<0.05),there was no significant difference in the fuel loads of other types of fuels(P>0.05),and the fuel loads of young forest,near-mature forest,and mature f

关 键 词：可燃物载量 林分类型 林分因子 乔木层可燃物 油松 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]