热声发动机整机核心部件模拟研究  

Numerical Research on the Core Component of Thermoacoustic Heat Engine

作　　者：刘贤贤 陈燕燕[1] 胡剑英[1] 罗二仓[1,2] LIU Xianxian;CHEN Yanyan;HU Jianying;LUO Ercang(Key Laboratory of Cryogenics,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所低温工程学重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2025年第3期945-953,共9页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(No.2021YFC28026003)。

摘　　要：热声热机是一类利用可压缩气体往复振荡来实现声能与热能之间相互转换的热机,核心部件由静态的高、低温换热器和回热器组成,结构简单。本文针对一台热声发动机的核心部件建立了三维局部模型,在该三维局部模型中,换热器采用管套管模型,回热器采用多孔介质模型,其中多孔介质模型需要的惯性阻力系数和黏性阻力系数采用孔隙方法计算获得。但三维模型网格量大且计算耗时长,为了简化计算,本文根据该三维模型建立了与之等效的Fluent二维模型和Sage一维模型。通过对比三种模型的计算结果发现,CFD计算模型与Sage计算模型在对时均温差与时均热流密度分布的捕捉基本相似,数值相近。但在阻力特性计算方面,两者差异较大,这是因为Sage是一款一维模型软件,无法直接捕捉复杂流动变化带来的局部损失。但通过对比Fluent二维和三维模型的计算结果,发现二者在阻力特性方面的计算结果较为接近。因此,在工程计算中,为了简化计算和节省时间,可以采用等效拓扑的二维Fluent模型来替代三维模型。Thermoacoustic heat engines are a type of heat engine that utilizes the reciprocating oscillation of compressible gas to achieve the mutual conversion between sound energy and thermal energy.The core components are composed of static high and low temperature heat exchangers and regenerators,with a simple structure.In this paper,a three-dimensional local model is established for the core components of a thermoacoustic engine.In the three-dimensional local model,the heat exchanger uses the tube and sleeve model,and the recuperator uses Porous medium,in which the inertia drag coefficient and viscous drag coefficient of the recuperator are calculated by the pore method.Then,based on this three-dimensional model,this article establishes equivalent Fluent two-dimensional models and Sage one-dimensional models.By comparing the calculation results of the three models,it is found that the CFD calculation model and Sage calculation model are basically similar in capturing the distribution of time average temperature difference and time average heat flux.However,there is a significant difference in the calculation of resistance characteristics between the two,as Sage is a one-dimensional model software that cannot directly capture the local losses caused by complex flow changes.However,by comparing the calculation results of Fluent’s 2D and 3D models,it was found that the calculation results of the two models in terms of resistance characteristics are relatively close.Therefore,in engineering calculations,in order to simplify calculations and save time,a 2D Fluent model with equivalent topology can be used instead of a 3D model.

关 键 词：热声热机 回热器 换热器 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：TK123[动力工程及工程热物理—工程热物理]