具有二次订购机会的应急物资供应策略研究  

Research on Emergency Material Supply Strategy with Two Ordering Opportunities

作　　者：曹怡静 田军[1] 刘阳[2] 冯耕中[1] Cao Yijing;Tian Jun;Liu Yang;Feng Gengzhong(School of Management,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;Department of Industrial Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao 266590,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049 [2]山东科技大学工业工程系,山东青岛266590

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2025年第2期172-183,共12页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(19YJA630068);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(24YJC630144);泰山学者工程专项经费项目(tsqnz20231221);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2023QG073)。

摘　　要：政府与企业建立密切的合作关系对保证应急物资的及时供应和快速交付至关重要。为保证灾后现货物资的有效供应,提升政府应急物资保障能力,本文对具有二次订购机会的应急物资供应问题展开研究,建立突发事件发生前、后的两阶段政企合作博弈模型。事前,政企双方通过决策博弈,确定最优的政府预付款比例及企业应急物资储备量;事后,对超出初始储备量的部分,政府优先采购协议企业用于日常业务的商用库存作为应急补充,双方确定二次订购过程中最优的政府预补贴系数及企业可用的商用库存比例。此外,本文采用数值算例验证了该模型的有效性,并进一步探讨了具有二次订购机会的政企协议供应应急物资的优势,分析了不同系统参数对双方决策的影响,为政府采购及企业储备应急物资提出具有实践意义的管理启示。The close cooperation between government and enterprise is crucial to ensure the timely supply and rapid delivery of emergency supplies.In order to ensure the effective supply of spot supplies after the disaster and improve the government's ability to guarantee emergency supplies,emergency supplies procurement is studied with second order opportunities,and a two-stage government-enterprise cooperation model is constructed before and after the emergencies.Before the disaster,the government and enterprises use decision-making games to determine the optimal government prepayment ratio and enterprise reserves;after the disaster,considering that the commercial inventory of agreement enterprise is used as an emergency supplement to the demand beyond the initial reserve,two parties determine the optimal government pre-subsidy coefficient and the enterprise's commercial inventory ratio during the second order process.In addition,numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are used to verify the effectiveness of the model.Furthermore,the advantages of emergency supplies procurement are also explored with second order,and the impact of different system parameters on the decision-making of both parties is analyzed.Finally,some practical management implications for government procurement and enterprise reserve are proposed.

关 键 词：应急物资供应 应急物资储备 二次订购 商用库存 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济]