2000-2020年淮河流域中游地区景观格局动态变化研究  

Research on the dynamic change of landscape pattern in the middle reaches of Huai River basin from 2000 to 2020

作　　者：宁丽丽 刘玲 李长爱 李亚亮 缪国鹏 王硕 NING Lili;LIU Ling;LI Chang’ai;LI Yaliang;MIU Guopeng;WANG Shuo(School of Biological Engineering,Huainan Normal University,Huainan 232038,China;Key Laboratory of Bioresource and Environmental Biotechnology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes,Huainan 232038,China)

机构地区：[1]淮南师范学院生物工程学院,安徽淮南232038 [2]安徽省高等学校资源与环境生物技术重点实验室,安徽淮南232038

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期61-69,共9页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800256);安徽省高校重点研究项目(SK2021A0571,2024AH051725)。

摘　　要：目的揭示淮河流域中游地区景观格局动态变化特征,为进一步优化景观格局和保护淮河生态环境提供依据.方法以2000—2020年5期土地利用数据为基础,采用动态度、景观转移矩阵、景观格局指数等方法对该地区近20年景观格局动态变化进行分析.结果淮河流域中游地区土地利用类型以耕地为主,2000—2020年,建设用地、水域、林地面积增加,耕地、草地、未利用地面积减少,其中耕地面积减少1143.96 km^(2),建设用地面积增加972.56 km^(2),水域面积增加162.76 km^(2);土地利用变化以耕地转换为建设用地、水域和林地与林地和水域转换为耕地为主;耕地始终是优势景观,但优势度逐年缓慢下降,破碎化程度先增强后减弱,建设用地破碎化程度逐年减弱;研究区整体景观破碎度呈下降趋势,景观形状趋于复杂、边缘效应增强,景观连接性较好.结论淮河流域中游地区2000—2020年间景观整体稳定性较好,但耕地流失和破碎化情况仍然存在,这对该地区景观格局会产生消极影响,不利于淮河流域生态系统的可持续发展,建议继续加强耕地保护,完善占补平衡制度.Objective Revealing the dynamic change characteristics of landscape pattern in the middle reaches of Huai River basin could provide a basis for further optimizing the landscape pattern and protecting the ecological environment of the Huai River.Methods Based on five periods of land use data from 2000 to 2020,dynamic degree,landscape transfer matrix,landscape pattern index and other methods were used to analyze the dynamic changes of the landscape pattern in the region over the past 20 years.Results The results show that the land use type in the middle reaches of the Huai River Basin is mainly cultivated land.From 2000 to 2020,the area of construction land,water bodies,and forest land increased,while the area of cultivated land,grassland,and unused land decreased.Among them,the area of cultivated land decreased by 1143.96 km^(2),construction land area increased by 972.56 km^(2),the water area has increased by 162.76 km^(2);land use change mainly involves the conversion of cultivated land into construction land,water bodies and forests,as well as the conversion of forest and water bodies into cultivated land;farmland has always been a dominant landscape,but its dominance has been slowly decreasing year by year.The degree of fragmentation first increases and then weakens,while the degree of fragmentation of construction land is decreasing year by year;the overall landscape fragmentation in the research area is decreasing,with complex landscape shapes and enhanced edge effects,and good landscape connectivity.Conclusion The overall stability of the landscape in the middle reaches of the Huai River Basin was good from 2000 to 2020,but the loss and fragmentation of arable land still exist,which will have a negative impact on the landscape pattern of the region and be detrimental to the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the Huai River Basin.It is recommended to continue to strengthen the protection of arable land,improve and perfect the occupation and compensation balance system.

关 键 词：淮河流域中游 景观格局 转移矩阵 景观指数 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]