黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略实施成效与推进策略  

Implementation effectiveness and promotion strategies of ecological protection and high-quality development strategy in the Yellow River Basin

作　　者：苗长虹[1,2] 夏成[3] 金凤君[4] 马丽[4] 张文忠[4] 傅伯杰[5] MIAO Chang-hong;XIA Cheng;JIN Feng-jun;MA Li;ZHANG Wen-zhong;FU Bo-jie(Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development&Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001,Henan,China;Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality,Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering,Henan University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Institute of Spatial Planning&Regional Economy,National Development and Reform Commission P.R.C,Beijing 100038,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China;Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,CAS,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心暨黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心,开封475001 [2]河南大学应对气候变化与碳中和实验室,河南大学地理科学与工程学部,郑州450046 [3]国家发展和改革委员会国土开发与地区经济研究所,北京100038 [4]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [5]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2025年第3期569-583,共15页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42171186,42041007,72050001)。

摘　　要：黄河流域是中华文明的重要发祥地、历史演进的主干枢纽、伟大复兴的关键支撑,黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展事关全面推进中国式现代化的全局。黄河流域是一个具有综合性、整体性、多样性、复杂性同时又与外部区域具有近远程耦合关系的人口-经济-社会-生态-文化复合系统。黄河国家战略实施五年来,流域生态环境质量发生转折性变化,维护国家粮食、能源安全能力显著提升,城乡区域发展迈出坚实步伐,文化传承发展实现新突破,对内对外开放合作迈向更高水平;流域产业经济在创新、绿色、协调等方面取得明显进展,科技创新支撑能力有所增强,产业结构转型初见成效,资源环境效率大幅度改善。锚定2035年基本实现社会主义现代化的宏伟目标,需要在更好地统筹发展与安全的前提下,紧紧抓住培育发展新质生产力的机会窗口,以人口高质量发展推动经济-社会-环境协同升级,统筹协调好人-水-粮-能-碳-生态之间的纽带关系,加快实体性有边界的黄河国家文化公园建设,探索协同实现人口-经济-社会-生态-文化一体化高质量发展的大河流域现代化道路;通过持续推动区域协同发展、科技创新引领、消费升级拉动、高水平开放,推动流域产业绿色低碳转型升级;发挥黄河“几”字弯地区国家能源安全压舱石和绿色能源重要生产基地的作用,加快推进黄河“几”字弯地区国家能源安全保障基地建设。构建以人水关系为核心的黄河流域人地系统耦合模型,从纽带关系的角度理解整体性,从临界阈值的角度理解系统性,从远程耦合的角度理解协同性,是深入推进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的重要科技支撑。The Yellow River Basin is an important birthplace of Chinese civilization,the main hub of historical evolution,and the key support of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.Ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin are related to the overall situation of comprehensively promoting Chinese path to modernization.The Yellow River Basin is an economic,social,ecological,and cultural complex system that is comprehensive,holistic,diverse,and complex,while also having close and distant coupling relationships with external regions.In the past five years since the implementation of the major national strategy for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin,there has been a turning point in the quality of the ecological environment in the basin.The ability to maintain national food and energy security has significantly improved,and solid steps have been taken in the development of urban and rural areas.New breakthroughs have been made in cultural inheritance and development,and domestic and international opening-up and cooperation have reached a higher level.The industrial economy in the basin has made significant progress in innovation,green development,and coordination.The support capacity for technological innovation has been enhanced,and the transformation of industrial structure has achieved initial results.The efficiency of resources and environment has been greatly improved.Anchoring the grand goal of basically achieving socialist modernization by 2035,it is necessary to seize the opportunity of cultivating and developing new quality productive forces on the premise of better coordinated development and security,promote economic-social-environmental co-upgrading with high-quality population development,coordinate the nexus of people-water-food-energy-carbon-ecology,accelerate the construction of the physically bounded Yellow River National Cultural Park,and explore the modernization path of the great river basin to achieve high-quality integrate

关 键 词：生态保护 高质量发展 国家能源安全保障基地 人水关系 黄河流域 

分 类 号：F124.5[经济管理—世界经济] X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]