不同环境规制工具对碳排放绩效的影响与作用机制  

The impact and mechanism of different environmental regulation tools on carbon emission performance

作　　者：田淑英[1] 郭浩 TIAN Shu-ying;GUO Hao(Economics School of AnHui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2025年第3期812-832,共21页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：安徽省哲学社会科学规划重大项目(AHSKZD2023D04)。

摘　　要：环境规制工具的合理选择与配置是助力经济增长与“双碳”目标动态平衡的关键。基于2003—2021年中国284个地级及以上城市面板数据,利用双向固定效应模型、双重差分模型、门槛效应模型等,实证研究了命令型和市场型环境规制对碳排放绩效的影响与作用机制,进一步分析了政府科技支出的门槛效应。结果发现:(1)命令型和市场型环境规制对碳排放绩效具有显著的正向作用,但市场型环境规制的实施效果大于命令型,上述结论同时得到“大气十条”和“SO_(2)排污权交易试点”的经验佐证;(2)绿色技术创新和产业结构升级是两类环境规制提升碳排放绩效的重要机制;(3)两类环境规制的实施效果受到城市资源禀赋、市场化水平和地理区位差异的影响;(4)政府科技支出在两类环境规制影响碳排放绩效中存在显著的门槛效应。进一步,从环境规制体系建设、环境规制工具选择、政府科技支出策略等方面提出政策建议。The reasonable selection and configuration of environmental regulatory tools are key to balancing economic growth with the dynamic equilibrium of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Goals.Based on panel data from 284 cities at the prefecture level and above in China from 2003 to 2021,this study empirically examines the impact and mechanisms of command-and-control and market-based environmental regulations on carbon emission performance using a two-way fixed effects model,a difference-in-differences model,and a threshold effect model.The study further analyzes the threshold effect of government technology support.The results show that:(1)Both command-and-control and market-based environmental regulations have a significant positive impact on carbon emission performance,with the effect of market-based regulations being stronger.These findings are also supported by empirical evidence from the"Action Plan for Air Pollution Prevention and Control"and the"SO_(2) Emission Trading Pilot".(2)Green technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading are important mechanisms by which both types of regulations improve carbon emission performance.(3)The implementation effects of the two types of environmental regulations are affected by differences in urban resource endowments,marketization levels and geographical locations.(4)Government science and technology support has a significant threshold effect on the impact of the two types of environmental regulations on carbon emission performance.Finally,policy recommendations are put forward in terms of the construction of environmental regulatory system,the choice of environmental regulatory tools,and the government's strategy for scientific and technological expenditures.

关 键 词：环境规制 碳排放绩效 政府科技支出 低碳经济发展 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F299.2[经济管理—国民经济]