面向热失控预防的质子交换膜电池电堆内部流场优化分析  

Optimization analysis of flow field in proton exchange membrane battery stack for thermal runaway prevention

作　　者：王伟国 谷田平 王瑶 姚阳 李培莹 WANG Weiguo;GU Tianping;WANG Yao;YAO Yang;LI Peiying(Censtar Science Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450o0l,Henan,China;Henan Institute of Metrology and Testing Science,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan,China;I.T BOX Intelligent Mobility Technology Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450016,Henan,China;Censtar Digital and Intelligence Shanghai Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]正星科技股份有限公司,河南郑州450001 [2]河南省计量测试科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [3]智行盒子(河南)科技有限公司,河南郑州450016 [4]上海正星数智科技有限公司,上海201800

出　　处：《金属功能材料》2025年第1期98-103,共6页Metallic Functional Materials

摘　　要：在PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell)电堆运行过程中,由于电化学反应和电流通过等过程会产生大量热量,若热量未能有效散发与管理,将导致内部温度骤升,引发热失控现象,影响电化学反应的速率和效率,使电池性能大幅下降。因此,需面向热失控预防的质子交换膜电池电堆内部流场进行优化分析。详细分析质子交换膜电池的热失控机制,针对电池热失控产生的原因,分别设计串行补偿流场与单流道蛇形流场,并通过仿真分析两种不同流场的运行质量。经仿真分析可知:两种流场中,单流道蛇形流场电流密度、稳态压力以及氢气浓度更高,更容易产生热失控问题;而串行补偿流场可以保持较低的稳态压力,同时可以提供较高的氧气浓度与气体流速。由此说明,串行补偿流场可以更好地预防热失控现象。Censtar Science Technology Co.,Ltd.;Henan Institute of Metrology and Testing Science;I.T BOX Intelligent Mobility Technology Co.,Ltd.;Censtar Digital and Intelligence Shanghai Co.,Ltd.;During the operation of PEMFC(Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell)stack,a large amount of heat is generated due to electrochemical reactions and current flow.If the heat is not effectively dissipated and managed,it will lead to a sudden increase in internal temperature,causing uncontrolled heating.Affects the rate and efficiency of electrochemical reactions,resulting in a significant decrease in battery performance.Therefore,it is necessary to optimize and analyze the internal flow field of PEMFC to prevent thermal runaway.A detailed analysis of the thermal runaway mechanism of proton exchange membrane batteries is conducted.Based on the causes of thermal runaway in batteries,a serial compensation flow field and a single channel serpentine flow field are designed,and the operational quality of the two different flow fields is analyzed through simulation.The simulation analysis shows that,among the two flow fields,the single-channel serpentine flow field has higher current density,steady-state pressure and hydrogen concentration,which is more prone to thermal runaway problem.The serial compensation flow field can maintain a lower steady state pressure and provide a higher oxygen concentration and gas flow rate.This indicates that serial compensation flow field can better prevent thermal runaway phenomenon.

关 键 词：热失控预防 质子交换膜 电池电堆 内部流场优化 电化学方程 气体流速 

分 类 号：TM9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]