1D和2D被动传感器测向交叉定位最优交会问题研究  

Study on Optimal Rendezvous Problem in 1D and 2D Passive Sensor Triangulation

作　　者：崔剑锋 梁红[1] CUI Jian-feng;LIANG Hong(School of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710072,China;Fenxi Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,CSSC,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航海学院,陕西西安710072 [2]中国船舶集团汾西重工有限责任公司,山西太原030000

出　　处：《电子学报》2025年第1期63-71,共9页Acta Electronica Sinica

摘　　要：我们研究了1D和2D被动传感器构成的测向交叉定位系统的最优交会问题.通过定位精度的闭式解、极值分析及几何交会分析的方法,明确了全局最优交会点,探明了最优交会位置的空间分布特性及其影响因素和影响规律.研究表明:全局最优交会点位于基线(或2D传感器)所在的水平面;最优交会位置由几何交会特性与测量误差的距离扩散效应共同决定,分布在以基线中点为圆心、基线长度为直径的水平面上的圆弧附近,并朝着基线方向塌陷;传感器位置变化不影响最优交会位置对基线的相对位置,当基线和测角误差的方差比确定时,最优交会位置即确定.根据算例分析还可得出猜想:最优交会区向测角误差项更多、误差值更大的传感器收敛.在工程实际中,最优交会区比最优交会点更具有应用价值,通过最优交会位置与目标探测结果或预估位置的匹配,可有效提高系统定位性能.We investigated the optimal intersection problem of a direction-finding cross-location system composed of 1D and 2D passive sensors.Utilizing closed-form solutions for localization accuracy,extremum analysis,and geometric intersection analysis,we identified the global optimal intersection point and explored the spatial distribution characteristics of optimal intersection positions,as well as their influencing factors and underlying principles.The study reveals that the global optimal intersection point lies in the horizontal plane of the baseline(or 2D sensor).The optimal intersection locations are jointly determined by the geometric intersection characteristics and the distance diffusion effect of measurement errors,distributed around an arc on the horizontal plane with the midpoint of the baseline as the center and the baseline length as the diameter,collapsing towards the baseline.Variations in sensor positions do not affect the relative position of the optimal intersection location to the baseline;once the variance ratio of the baseline and angular measurement errors is established,the optimal intersection location is determined.Furthermore,case analysis suggests that the optimal intersection area converges towards sensor with larger angular measurement errors.In practical engineering applications,the optimal intersection area holds greater utility than the optimal intersection point;matching the optimal intersection locations with target detection results or estimated positions can effectively enhance the system’s positioning performance.

关 键 词：几何交会特性 距离扩散效应 最优交会点 最优交会区 

分 类 号：TN971[电子电信—信号与信息处理]