2022-2023年德州市大气PM2.5中全氟辛酸浓度及人群健康风险评估  

PFOA concentration in atmospheric PM2.5and population health risk assessment in Dezhou city from2022 to 2023

作　　者：史清松[1] 尹振东 李晓阳 闫咪 郭明孝 朱丽君[1] SHI Qing-song;YIN Zhen-dong;LI Xiao-yang;YAN Mi;GUO Ming-xiao;ZHU Li-jun(Food Safety and School Health Monitoring Section,Dezhou City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shandong 253014,China)

机构地区：[1]德州市疾病预防控制中心食品安全与学校卫生监测科,山东253014

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第12期916-919,924,共5页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(202212011083)。

摘　　要：目的探讨2022-2023年德州市大气PM2.5中全氟辛酸(PFOA)的污染水平及健康风险评估。方法2022年5月-2023年4月共采集168份大气PM2.5样本(德城区、陵城区各84份),用甲醇超声提取,固相萃取柱净化,三重四极杆液质联用仪测定大气PM2.5中PFOA,采用每日摄入量(EDI)、危害熵(HQ)评估吸入PFOA的潜在健康风险。采用SPSS 27.0和Excel 2021进行数据分析。对于未检出数据采用1/2检出限(LOD)替代,参与统计。结果168份大气PM2.5样本,PFOA检出率为91.7%,大气PM2.5中PFOA浓度为0.133(0.038~0.366)ng/m^(3)。最高值出现在德城区、陵城区的2022年11月14-15日,为2.393~2.428ng/m^(3)。德城区、陵城区PM2.5中PFOA浓度分别为0.144(0.062~0.460)、0.108(0.032~0.293)ng/m^(3),比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.718,P>0.05)。德州市春季、夏季、秋季、冬季PM2.5中PFOA浓度分别为0.370(0.172~0.752)、0.092(0.047~0.141)、0.168(0.042~0.482)、0.032(LOD~0.317)ng/m^(3),不同季节PFOA浓度差异有统计学意义(H=33.952,P<0.05)。全年监测中主要污染集中在0.002~0.302 ng/m^(3);夏天全部42份样本40份在0.002~0.302ng/m^(3),2份在0.302~0.602ng/m^(3);其他季节分布相对于夏季较为分散,大于2.100ng/m^(3)的重污染均出现在秋季。PFOA对不同年龄组的EDI均小于RfD[20ng/(kg·d)],HQ小于1。0~6岁年龄组EDI、HQ最高。结论2022-2023年德州市大气PM2.5中PFOA浓度存在季节差异,但无地域差异,其慢性非致癌健康风险较低。Objective To study the PFOA pollution level and conduct health risk assessment of atmospheric PM2.5in Dezhou city from 2022to 2023.Methods A total of 168samples(84samples each from Decheng district and Lingshi district)were collected from May 2022to April 2023,and were extracted by ultrasonic extraction with methanol,cleaned up by solid-phase extraction columns,and determined by triple quadrupole liquid-mass spectrometry for the determination of PFOA in atmospheric PM2.5,and the potential health risks of inhaling PFOA were assessed based on the daily intake(EDI)and hazard quotient(HQ).SPSS 27.0and Excel 2021were used for data analysis.The 1/2limit of detection(LOD)was used as a proxy for non-detected data to participate in the statistics.Results For the 168atmospheric PM2.5samples,the detection rate of PFOA was 91.7%,and the concentration of PFOA in atmospheric PM2.5 was 0.133(0.038-0.366)ng/m^(3).The highest values appeared in Decheng district and Lingcheng district on November 14-15,2022,reaching 2.393-2.428ng/m^(3).The concentrations of PFOA in PM2.5in Decheng district and Lingcheng district were 0.144(0.062-0.460)and 0.108(0.032-0.293)ng/m^(3),respectively,and the differences in comparison were not statistical significant(Z=-1.718,P>0.05).The PFOA concentrations in PM2.5in spring,summer,autumn and winter in Dezhou were 0.370(0.172-0.752),0.092(0.047-0.141),0.168(0.042-0.482),0.032(LOD-0.317)ng/m^(3),respectively,with statistically significant differences in the PFOA concentrations in different seasons(H=33.952,P<0.05).The main pollution in the monitoring throughout the year was concentrated in 0.002-0.302ng/m^(3);40of the 42samples in summer were in the range of 0.002-0.302ng/m^(3),and 2were in the range of 0.302-0.602ng/m^(3);the distribution of the other seasons was more dispersed in comparison with summer,and the high levels of greater than 2.100ng/m^(3) occurred in the autumn.The effect of PFOA on the different age groups of the EDI was less than RfD[20ng/(kg-d)]and HQ was less than 1.EDI and HQ were high

关 键 词：PM2.5 全氟辛酸 健康风险评估 德州 

分 类 号：R122[医药卫生—环境卫生学]