预测大中学生常见心理问题的干谷模型构建  

Construction of the WADIS model for predicting common psychological problems among college and middle school students

作　　者：史天东 卫敏 杜银 史宏扬 SHI Tian-dong;WEI Min;DU Yin;SHI Hong-yang(Department of School Health,Zaoyang City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiangyang,Hubei 441200,China;Department of Health,Zaoyang City Health Comprehensive Law Enforcement Brigade;Xiaogan Light of the Heart Psychological Counseling Service Co.)

机构地区：[1]枣阳市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,湖北襄阳441200 [2]枣阳市卫生健康综合执法大队卫生科 [3]孝感市心灵之光心理咨询服务有限公司

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第12期935-940,共6页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的构建预测大中学生常见心理问题影响因素的干谷模型,为预防控制大中学生常见心理问题提供依据。方法以学校知情自愿原则选取全国15所大学、高中/中专和初中在校学生为调查对象。将6所大学、3所高中、2所初中的在校学生作为建立预测模型数据来源组(实验组),将2所大学、1所高中、1所初中的在校学生作为验证模型预测效果数据来源组(验证组)。对调查对象进行问卷调查。把大中学生常见的心理问题(包括厌学、考试焦虑、抑郁症状、网络游戏依赖、自杀)作为因变量,采用二元logistic逐步回归分析,根据回归结果建立大中学生常见心理问题预测模型,并对模型的有效性进行检验和验证。结果得到实验组有效问卷3040份、验证组有效问卷563份。单因素分析显示,性别、是否为独生子女、父亲职业、母亲职业4个自变量在大中学生常见心理问题的组间构成差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05),余64个自变量的组间构成差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素二元logistic逐步回归分析结果表明,年级(OR=0.814,95%CI:0.762~0.870,P=0.000)、父亲职业(OR=0.699,95%CI:0.600~0.814,P=0.000)、能通过父亲的言谈表情感受到他喜欢你(OR=0.754,95%CI:0.626~0.908,P=0.003)3个自变量为保护因素;有20个自变量为危险因素,其中家庭结构(OR=5.778,95%CI:3.866~8.634,P=0.000)、母亲对被试有过度期待(OR=2.380,95%CI:1.970~2.875,P=0.000)、母亲常指责/讽刺/挖苦/否定(OR=2.350,95%CI:1.867~2.957,P=0.000)等7个自变量的OR>2。用二元logistic逐步回归分别建立厌学、考试焦虑、抑郁症状、网络游戏依赖、自杀5个因变量的预测模型效果均不理想。采用大中学生常见心理问题综合预测的干谷模型(模型名称取自厌学、考试焦虑、抑郁、网络游戏依赖、自杀这5个英文名词首字母组成的WADIS,英文意为干谷,本研究定义为干谷症,隐喻这5种心理问题与心理能�Objective To construct a WADIS model for predicting the influencing factors of common psychological problems among college and middle-school students,so as to provide a basis for preventing and controlling such issues.Methods Based on the principle of informed consent and voluntariness in schools,students from 15universities,high schools/technical secondary schools,and junior high schools nationwide were selected as the survey subjects.The students from 6 universities,3high schools,and 2junior high schools served as the data-source group for establishing the prediction model(experimental group),while the students from 2universities,1high school,and 1junior high school served as the datasource group for verifying the prediction effect of the model(verification group).A questionnaire survey was conducted on the subjects.The common psychological problems of college and middle-school students(including weariness of learning,anxiety of exams,depressive symptoms,internet game addiction,and suicide)were taken as the dependent variables.Binary logistic step-by-step regression analysis was used.According to the regression results,aprediction model for common psychological problems of college and middle-school students was established,and the effectiveness of the model was tested and verified.Results A total of 3040valid questionnaires were obtained from the experimental group and 563from the verification group.Univariate analysis showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the composition of the 4independent variables of gender,being an only child,father′s occupation,and mother′s occupation among the groups with common psychological problems of college and middle school students(P>0.05),while there were statistically significant differences in the composition of the remaining 64 independent variables among the groups(P<0.05).The results of multivariate binary logistic step-by-step regression analysis indicated that 3independent variables,namely grade(OR=0.814,95%CI:0.762-0.870,P=0.000),father′

关 键 词：心理问题 干谷症 预测模型 干谷模型 中学生 大学生 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] G444[医药卫生—医学心理学]