逆写帝国与重绘世界文学版图:以萨尔曼·拉什迪《午夜之子》为例  

Writing Back to the Empire and Re-mapping World Literature:A Study of Midnight's Children of Salman Rushdie

作　　者：王佩琳 南健翀[2] Peilin Wang;Jianchong Nan(School of International Studies,Sun Yat-sen University;School of English Studies,Xi’an International Studies University)

机构地区：[1]中山大学国际翻译学院,广东珠海519000 [2]西安外国语大学英文学院,陕西西安710100

出　　处：《外国语言与文化》2024年第4期61-72,共12页Foreign Languages and Cultures

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“英国曼布克文学奖的文学生产研究”(17BWW086)。

摘　　要：印度裔英语作家萨尔曼·拉什迪与英国作家E.M.福斯特都书写过印度穆斯林医生阿齐兹形象,这种“巧合”值得从文学、政治、文化等方面进行关注。一方面,两位阿齐兹医生存在高度相似性,形成了《午夜之子》与《印度之行》的互文。从拉什迪笔下的阿齐兹医生对福斯特的印度书写进行回溯,能够发掘英国殖民文学中的深层宗主意识形态及当代印裔作家对此发起的殖民话语修正,这是典型的“逆写帝国”文学案例。另一方面,考虑到拉什迪作品本身的自我指涉,后殖民文学对殖民文学的“逆写”并非一种业已完成的静态话语抵制,而是存在介于中心与边缘文学之间有关权力与文化影响的连续协商与重构。基于此,本文首先关注《午夜之子》对福斯特印度书写的改写,考证其增补印度殖民史与后殖民文学话语抵制的两种功用,其次通过研究拉什迪小说中的自我指涉和《一千零一夜》在欧洲的接受,分析英国文学自身的文化焦虑和印度英语文学重绘世界文学版图的可能。The Indo-Anglian writer Salman Rushdie and the British writer E.M.Forster have both written about an Indian Muslim Dr Aziz.Such a coincidence deserves attention from literature,politics and culture.On the one hand,the similarity between the two Azizes forms intertextuality between Midnight’s Children and A Passage to India.Through a review of Forster’s Indian writing compared with Rushdie’s Dr.Aziz,it is possible to discern the embedded colonial ideology in British literature and the revision of such discourses initiated by the contemporary Indo-Anglian writer,which is a typical literary case of writing back to the empire.On the other hand,if we take into account the self-reference in Rushdie’s fiction,postcolonial literature’s writing-back to colonial literature is not a finished and static discursive resistance,but rather successive negotiation and reconfiguration of power and cultural influences between central and peripheral literatures.Based on these,this paper first focuses on Midnight’s Children’s adaptation of Forster’s Indian writing so as to demonstrate its two functions of both supplementing Indian colonial history and discursive resistance of postcolonial literature.This paper then analyses British literature’s cultural anxiety and the feasibility of Indo-Anglian literature’s re-mapping world literature based on a study of the self-reference in Rushdie’s fiction as well as the reception of One Thousand and One Nights in Europe.

关 键 词：萨尔曼·拉什迪 E.M.福斯特 《午夜之子》 《印度之行》 印度英语文学 

分 类 号：I561[文学—其他各国文学]