劳动力转移类型、功能诉求与农户宅基地流转意愿——来自农业转移人口的样本证据  

Labor migration types, function claims and household willingness of homestead transfer: Sample evidence from the agricultural transfer population

作　　者：张勇超 熊文英 ZHANG Yongchao;XIONG Wenying(School of Public Administration,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Center for China Land Issues Research,Nanjing 210095,China;School of Tourism,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学公共管理学院,南京210095 [2]中国土地问题研究中心,南京210095 [3]内蒙古师范大学旅游学院,呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《地理研究》2025年第3期731-749,共19页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(23ZDA031);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(72061137072);国家自然科学优秀青年基金项目(71322301);中国国家基金管理委员会(CSC)经费项目(201806850079)。

摘　　要：农业转移人口市民化与农村土地要素市场化改革是重要的城乡要素改革命题,探究农村劳动力不同转移形式及功能诉求对农户宅基地流转的理论影响机制对当前宅基地“三权分置”改革中的使用权的放活和农业转移人口的市民化进程,以及完善城乡融合发展体制机制均具有重要的理论和实践意义。本文通过构建“不同劳动力转移类型—功能诉求—宅基地流转意愿”的理论分析框架,基于南京周边263份“农业转移人口”样本为例,采用计量经济Probit模型、以及交互效应和中介效应等分析。研究结果发现:(1)选择本地转移的劳动力对宅基地具有“保障性功能诉求”,从而抑制了农户的宅基地流转意愿。(2)选择外出(短期)转移的劳动力一方面产生“劳动力损失效应”,弱化了农户的宅基地“保障性功能诉求”。另一方面,外出(短期)转移的市民化期望,增强了农户的“财产性功能诉求”,进而促进了农户的宅基地流转意愿。其中,“保障性功能诉求”的中介效应占比3.46%,“财产性功能诉求”的中介效应占比2.53%。(3)劳动力外出且长期转移,由于产生了较强的“收入的增加效应”,弱化了农户对宅基地的“财产性功能诉求”,最终抑制了农户的宅基地流转意愿。“财产性功能诉求”的中介效应表现为“遮掩”效应,中介效应占比5.97%。(4)劳动力转移对宅基地流转影响呈现出代际异质性,外出转移显著促进了农二代的宅基地流转意愿,而长期转移抑制了农一代的流转意愿。本文的研究发现为不同类型的中国农业转移人口的宅基地流转策略以及针对农户的代际差异进行差异化的政策设计提供了理论支撑和现实参考。Citizenship of the agricultural transfer population and market reform of rural land factors are important urban and rural factor reform propositions.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to the revitalization of the use right in the current reform of"three rights separation of homestead"and the process of citizenship of the agricultural transfer population by exploring the theoretical influence mechanism of different migration types of rural labors and their functional demands on the homestead transfer willingness,as well as the improvement of the institutional mechanism of urban-rural integration and development.This paper builds a theoretical analysis framework of'different labor migration types-functional demands-willingness to transfer homestead',based on 263 cases of'agricultural transfer population'around Nanjing,and adopts the econometric Probit model,as well as the interaction effect and intermediary effect.The results of the study found that:(1)The local rural labors who choose local migration has a'safeguard function claim'to the homestead,which inhibits the willingness of farmers to transfer homestead.(2)The rural labors who choose out-going migration(short-term),on the one hand,produces a'labor force loss effect',which weakens the'safeguard function'of the homestead.On the other hand,the expectation of citizenship of short-term out-going migration enhances the'property function claim'of farmers,which in turn promotes the willingness of farmers to transfer homestead.The mediating effect of'security function claim'accounts for 3.46%,and the mediating effect of'property function claim'accounts for 2.53%.(3)The long-term and out-going migration of labors,due to the strong'income increase effect',weakened the'property function claim'of the farmers on the homestead,and ultimately inhibited the willingness of farmers to transfer homestead.The intermediary effect of'property function claim'is'cover-up'effect,which accounts for 5.97%.(4)The impact of labor migration on the homestead transfer sh

关 键 词：本地-外出转移 短期-长期转移 功能诉求 宅基地流转 PROBIT模型 中介效应 

分 类 号：F32[经济管理—产业经济]