PICU病儿营养风险现状及影响因素研究  

Study on the current situation and influencing factors of nutritional risk in children in PICU

作　　者：李莲叶[1] 段颖杰[1] 李广玉[1] 李奇 毛矛 田雨 吕东雪 张薇 刘新慧 LI Lian-ye;DUAN Ying-jie;LI Guang-yu;LI Qi;MAO Mao;TIAN Yu;LÜDong-xue;ZHANG Wei;LIU Xin-hui(Department of Pediatric Intensive Care Unit,Beijing Children's Hospital,Capital Medical University,National Center for Children's Health,Beijing 100045,China)

机构地区：[1]国家儿童医学中心(北京),首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院重症医学科,北京100045

出　　处：《肠外与肠内营养》2025年第1期23-28,共6页Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition

基　　金：首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院儿科护理学研究专项(YHL202001);首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院第三期(2022年)临床-科研复合型“苗圃”人才培养计划(编号3-1-014-01-20)。

摘　　要：目的:调查PICU病儿营养风险现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:2021年7月至2023年2月,对所有入住北京儿童医院PICU的年龄在1岁至18岁的病儿,采用儿科Yorkhill营养不良评分工具(PYMS)和病儿临床资料调查表进行调查。结果:共调查492例PICU病儿,首次营养风险筛查结果,无/低营养风险32例(占6.5%),中风险76例(占15.4%),高风险384例(占78.1%),中/高营养风险的发生率高达93.5%,营养风险PYMS评分为(2.61±1.42)分,多元线性回归分析结果表明,病儿体质指数、入院前发热时间、白细胞、病儿主诊断、病儿生病前饮食量、病儿父亲学历等是PICU病儿营养风险的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:PICU病儿处于营养高风险状态,建议PICU应规范开展营养筛查工作,早期识别营养高风险病儿及其影响因素,并积极进行营养评估和营养干预,以改善PICU病儿的临床结局。Objective:To investigate the nutritional risk status of children in PICU and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:From July 2021 to February 2023,all children aged 1 to 18 years admitted to PICU of Beijing Children's Hospital were investigated by using the pediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Scoring tool(PYMS)and the clinical data questionnaire.Results:A total of 492 children in PICU were enrolled.The first nutritional risk screening results showed that there were 32 cases of no/low nutritional risk(6.5%),76 cases of medium risk(15.4%),and 384 cases of high risk(78.1%).The incidence of medium/high nutritional risk was as high as 93.5%.The PYMS score of nutritional risk in PICU was(2.61±1.42).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that weight,fever time before admission,white blood cells,body mass index,primary diagnosis,father's education,and diet before illness were the main influencing factors of nutritional risk of children in PICU(P<0.05).Conclusion:Children in PICU are in a state of high nutritional risk.It is suggested that children in PICU should carry out nutritional screening in a standardized manner,identify children with high nutritional risk and its influencing factors early.To actively conduct nutritional assessment and nutritional intervention could improve the clinical outcome of children in PICU.

关 键 词：营养风险 PICU 儿童 影响因素分析 

分 类 号：R459.3[医药卫生—治疗学]