体成分分析指导膳食结构调整对妊娠期糖尿病病人血糖、血脂、体质量增长和妊娠结局的影响  

Effects of dietary adjustment guided by body composition analysis on blood glucose,blood lipids,weight gain and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes

作　　者：廖婵婵 徐海霞 张红萍 LIAO Chan-chan;XU Hai-xia;ZHANG Hong-ping(Obstetrics and Gynecology,Wenzhou People's Hospital/Wenzhou Women's and Children's Hospital/Wenzhou Third Clinical College of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]温州市人民医院/温州市妇幼保健院/温州医科大学温州市第三临床学院妇产科,浙江温州325000

出　　处：《肠外与肠内营养》2025年第1期42-47,53,共7页Parenteral & Enteral Nutrition

基　　金：温州市科研项目(重大,项目编号ZY2021025);基础性公益科研项目(项目编号Y20210328)。

摘　　要：目的:评价体成分分析指导膳食结构调整对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)病人血糖、血脂、体质量增长和妊娠结局的影响。方法:选入2021年5月~2023年10月在温州市人民医院定期产前检查并分娩的GDM病人122例作为研究对象,随机分为A组和B组,各61例。A组予以GDM常规营养干预,B组在A组基础上依据体成分分析进行膳食结构调整。另选择同期50例正常孕妇作为对照组。对比三组血糖、血脂、体质量增长和妊娠结局。结果:干预后,三组FPG、2hPG水平显著降低,TC、TG和LDL-C水平显著升高;A组和B组HbA1c水平显著降低,对照组HDL-C水平显著升高(P<0.05)。A组干预后FPG、2hPG、HbA1c、TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著高于B组和对照组(P<0.05)。B组干预后FPG、TC、LDL-C水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。A组和B组分娩前体质量、孕期增加体质量均显著大于对照组,B组显著小于A组(P<0.05)。对照组和B组孕期体质量增加达标率比较无显著差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于A组(P<0.05)。对照组和B组剖宫产率、妊娠期并发症及围生儿不良结局总发生率比较无显著差异(P>0.05),但均显著低于A组(P<0.05)。结论:体成分分析指导膳食结构调整有助于控制GDM病人的血糖水平,维持孕期体质量合理增长,降低剖宫产率,减少妊娠并发症及围生儿不良结局的发生风险。Objective:To evaluate the effect of dietary adjustment guided by body composition analysis on blood glucose,,blood lipids,weight gain and pregnancy outcome in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:A total of 122 GDM patients who had regular prenatal check-ups and gave birth at Wenzhou People's Hospital from May 2021 to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects and were randomly divided into Group A and Group B,with 61 cases in each group.Group A was given routine nutritional intervention with GDM,and Group B was adjusted their dietary structure based on body composition analysis.Another 50 normal pregnant women were selected as the control group.Three groups were compared for blood glucose,lipids,and body mass growth and pregnancy outcomes.Results:After intervention,the levels of FPG and 2hPG in the three groups were significantly decreased,while the levels of TC,TG,and LDL-C were significantly increased;The HbA1c levels in Group A and Group B were decreased significantly,while the HDL-C levels in the control group were significantly increased(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of FPG,2hPG,HbA1c,TC,TG,and LDL-C in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B and the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,the levels of FPG,TC,and LDL-C in group B were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The predelivery body mass and increased body mass during pregnancy in Group A and Group B were significantly higher than those in the control group,while Group B was significantly lower than Group A(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the compliance rate of body mass increase during pregnancy between the control group and group B(P>0.05),but both groups were significantly higher than group A(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the cesarean section rate,pregnancy complications,and overall incidence of adverse perinatal outcomes between the control group and group B(P>0.05),but they were significantly lower than group A(P<0.05).Conclusion:Diet

关 键 词：妊娠期糖尿病 体成分分析 膳食结构调整 血糖 血脂 体质量增长 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R714.25[医药卫生—妇产科学] R459.3[医药卫生—临床医学]