内蒙古地区三种蜱的遗传多样性研究  

Survey of genetic diversity of select tick species in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：崔梦宇 苏思 木兰 高瑞娟 郭棋棋 任洪 包丽丽 于晶峰 CUI Meng-yu;SU Si;MU Lan;GAO Rui-juan;GUO Qi-qi;REN Hong;BAO Li-li;YU Jing-feng(Department of public health,Anyang Tumor Hospital,Anyang 455000,China;Department of public health,The Affiliated Anyang Tumor Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology,Anyang 455000,China;Department of Pathology,Yueyang Central Hospital,Yueyang 414000,China;The School of Basic Medicine,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010100,China;First Clinical Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010100,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市肿瘤医院公共卫生科,安阳455000 [2]河南科技大学附属安阳市肿瘤医院公共卫生科,安阳455000 [3]岳阳市中心医院病理科,岳阳414000 [4]内蒙古医科大学基础医学院,呼和浩特010100 [5]内蒙古医科大学第一临床医学院,呼和浩特010100

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2025年第2期171-177,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(No.2022LHMS08004);国家重点研发项目(No.2024YFC2607502);内蒙古医科大学面上项目(No.YKD2024MS029);立克次体病原菌的筛选内蒙古自治区项目(No.S202410132020)联合资助。

摘　　要：目的 了解内蒙古地区3种蜱的种群内部遗传多样性和种群历史动态,为设计有效的媒介控制方案和揭示蜱的传播机制提供有效数据。方法 2022—2023年在内蒙古地区采用人工采集法进行采样。针对采获的边缘璃眼蜱、嗜群血蜱和波斯锐缘蜱,通过对16S rDNA和COI基因测序并分析序列特征与群体内部的遗传多样性。结果 经碱基组成成分分析发现,3种蜱的16S rDNA基因和COI基因的A+T平均含量明显大于C+G的平均含量。边缘璃眼蜱的COI基因鉴定出22个单倍型,16S rDNA序列鉴定出12个单倍型。嗜群血蜱的COI基因鉴定出11个单倍型,16S rDNA序列鉴定出9个单倍型。波斯锐缘蜱的COI基因鉴定出2个单倍型,16S rDNA序列鉴定出6个单倍型。除波斯锐缘蜱的16S rDNA的单倍型多样性为0.264外,其他2种蜱的16S rDNA的单倍型多样性最小值为0.579;3种蜱虫的核苷酸多样性均小于0.05。中性检验的Tajima’s值与Fu’s Fs值均为负值。经碱基饱和替换性分析,3种蜱虫的2个基因均未达到饱和。系统发育树显示,内蒙古地区的边缘璃眼蜱、嗜群血蜱和波斯锐缘蜱,3种蜱虫均独立聚合成枝。结论 内蒙古地区的边缘璃眼蜱、嗜群血蜱和波斯锐缘蜱的碱基含量符合昆虫线粒体DNA含量特征,3种蜱的种群在历史上曾经历了快速的群体膨胀且3种蜱的系统发育显示独立聚合成枝,种群内部尚未形成种群隔离。The aim of this study was to understand the internal genetic diversity and population history dynamics of ticks in Inner Mongolia,to provide data for designing effective vector control programs and revealing ticks’transmission mechanisms.From 2022 to 2023,the manual collection method was used to collect samples in Inner Mongolia.The 16S rDNA and COI gene sequences of ticks were used to identify Hyalomma marginatum,Haemaphysalis concinna,and Argas persicus,and analyze the sequence characteristics and genetic diversity within the populations.Base composition analysis indicated that the average A+T content of the 16S rDNA gene and COI gene in the three ticks was significantly higher than that of C+G.Moreover,22 haplotypes of the COI gene and 12 haplotypes of the 16S rDNA sequence were identified in Hyalomma marginatum.Eleven haplotypes were identified according to the COI gene,and nine haplotypes were identified according to the16S rDNA sequence of Haemaphysalis concinna.Two haplotypes were identified on the basis of the COI gene,and six haplotypes were identified on the basis of the 16S rDNA sequence of Argas persicus.The minimum 16S rDNA haplotype diversity was 0.264 for Argas persicus and 0.579 for the other two species.The nucleotide diversity of the three tick species was less than 0.05.Tajima’s value and Fu’s Fs value of the neutrality test were negative.Base saturation substitution analysis indicated that neither of the two genes in the three tick species reached saturation.The phylogenetic tree revealed that Hyalomma marginatum,Haemaphysalis concinna,and Argas persicus in Inner Mongolia independently aggregated into branches.In conclusion,the base content of Hyalomma marginatum,Haemaphysalis concinna,and Argas persicus genes in Inner Mongolia was consistent with the characteristics of insect mitochondrial DNA content.Furthermore,the three tick populations showed rapid evolutionary population expansion,and the phylogeny of three tick species showed independent aggregation into clades,with no population

关 键 词：边缘璃眼蜱 嗜群血蜱 波斯锐缘蜱 序列特征 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：R384.4[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]