我国奶牛乳房炎链球菌对常用抗菌药物耐药性的Meta分析  

Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus strains isolated from dairy cow mastitis:a systematic review and meta-analysis

作　　者：司星星 徐祥瀚 王晓明 王丽平[1] 黄金虎[1] SI Xing-xing;XU Xiang-han;WANG Xiao-ming;WANG Li-ping;HUANG Jin-hu(College of Veterinary Medicine,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学动物医学院,南京210095

出　　处：《中国人兽共患病学报》2025年第2期208-217,共10页Chinese Journal of Zoonoses

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金(No.2024AAC05098);国家自然科学基金(No.32172917)联合资助。

摘　　要：目的 旨在掌握我国奶牛乳房炎链球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药情况、地区差异及变化规律,为我国奶牛乳房炎链球菌抗菌药物的合理使用和新药开发提供科学的指导意见。方法 采用Meta分析方法,针对2000-2023年奶牛源链球菌对20种不同抗菌药物的耐药率数据进行搜集和整理,通过文献的排除和纳入,进行质量评价后,共计纳入文献67篇、链球菌3154株,对20种抗菌药物进行总体以及采集地区和时间亚组进行Meta分析。结果 我国奶牛源链球菌对抗菌药物表现出不同程度的耐药,耐药率在30%以上的有:青霉素(60%,95%CI=0.48~0.72)、链霉素(57%,95%CI=0.46~0.68)、复方新诺明(56%,95%CI=0.28~0.82)、林可霉素(51%,95%CI=0.26~0.76)、四环素(49%,95%CI=0.40~0.59)、多西环素(42%,95%CI=0.24~0.60)、克林霉素(41%,95%CI=0.28~0.54)、氨苄西林(39%,95%CI=0.27~0.52)、红霉素(37%,95%CI=0.28~0.45)、卡那霉素(36%,95%CI=0.20~0.54)、阿莫西林(30%,95%CI=0.10~0.53)。从采集地区看,东北地区和西南地区的奶牛源链球菌对抗菌药物的耐药率普遍较高。从菌株分离时间看,奶牛源链球菌对四环素、多西环素和林可霉素等抗菌药物的耐药率升高趋势显著;而对链霉素、庆大霉素和恩诺沙星等抗菌药物的耐药率下降趋势较为显著。结论 奶牛源链球菌对部分抗菌药物耐药性较为严重,不同地区的耐药性因养殖和管理不同而存在差异,仍需加强抗菌药物耐药率的监测、加强耐药机制的研究,规范抗菌药物的使用。This study was aimed at understanding the resistance status of dairy cow-derived Streptococcus strains in China,and providing scientific guidance for the rational use of antimicrobials and the development of new antimicrobials.Meta-analysis was used to explore the resistance of Streptococcus strains to 20 antimicrobials between 2000 and 2023.A total of 67 articles describing 3154 strains were included after a literature search,and a meta-analysis was conducted on the overall collection area according to time subgroups for 20 antimicrobials.Streptococci of dairy origin in China showed varying resistance rates(≥30%),as follows:penicillin(60%,95%CI=0.48-0.72),streptomycin(57%,95%CI=0.46-0.68),cotrimoxazole(56%,95%CI=0.28-0.82),lincomycin(51%,95%CI=0.26-0.76),tetracycline(49%,95%CI=0.40-0.59),doxycycline(42%,95%CI=0.24-0.60),clindamycin(41%,95%CI=0.28-0.54),ampicillin(39%,95%CI=0.27-0.52),erythromycin(37%,95%CI=0.28-0.45),kanamycin(36%,95%CI=0.20-0.54),and amoxicillin(30%,95%CI=0.10-0.53).On the basis of findings in the collection area,the resistance rates of dairy cow-derived Streptococcus to antimicrobials in Northeast China and Southwest China was generally high.The resistance rates of Streptococcus from dairy cattle to antimicrobial drugs such as tetracycline,doxycycline,and lincomycin increased significantly over time.However,the resistance rates to antimicrobial drugs such as streptomycin,gentamicin,and enrofloxacin showed a significant decreasing trend.Dairy cow-derived Streptococcus had high resistance to some antimicrobials,and the resistance varied by region,because of differences in breeding and management.Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance rates,enhancing research on resistance mechanisms,and regulating the use of antimicrobials remain necessary.

关 键 词：奶牛乳房炎 链球菌 耐药性 META分析 

分 类 号：S859.7[农业科学—临床兽医学]