大规模多输入多输出雷达扩展目标检测  

Extended Target Detection for Massive MIMO Radar

作　　者：叶沙兵 何茜 YE Shabing;HE Qian(School of Information and Communication Engineering,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu,Sichuan 611731,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院,四川成都611731

出　　处：《信号处理》2025年第3期569-582,共14页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U21B2014)。

摘　　要：大规模多输入多输出(multiple-input multiple-output,MIMO)雷达系统的大量天线为其在检测和估计任务上带来了性能增益。本文考虑一个大规模天线MIMO雷达系统中的扩展目标检测问题。假设存在一个包含大量散射体的扩展目标,本文建立了针对扩展目标的大规模MIMO雷达接收信号模型。分析了目标物体反射系数的空间相关性,目标物体反射系数相关的任意两个天线被视为落入同一个目标波束中,反之则视为落入不同的目标波束中。将落入同一个目标波束的天线视为一个天线组。执行检测时,每个天线组先对接收信号执行匹配滤波,并将匹配滤波的结果分别通过白化滤波器和归一化滤波器。基于上述两个滤波器的输出,分别对组内所有天线的能量求和,并求解散度,进而构建能量检测器。虽然散度分布的闭式解难以求得,本文证明了当天线数目足够大时,可利用大规模天线带来的统计效应推导出该散度的分布。在此基础上,进一步推导了大规模MIMO雷达扩展目标检测概率的闭式表达式。此外,证明了上述能量检测器能够达到奈曼-皮尔逊准则下的最优检测性能。通过仿真,验证了理论结果的正确性,进一步分析了不同系统参数对大规模MIMO雷达系统检测性能的影响。The large number of antennas in a massive multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO)radar system enables per‐formance gains in detection and estimation tasks.An extended target detection in a massive MIMO radar system has been considered in this study.Assuming the presence of an extended target with numerous scatterers,the received signal model for the massive MIMO radar system was established.The spatial correlation of the target reflection coefficients was analyzed,where any two antennas with correlated target reflection coefficients were considered to fall within the same target beam;otherwise,they were considered to fall within different target beams.Antennas falling within the same target beam were treated as an antenna group.During detection,each antenna group first applied matched filtering to the received signal.The result of matched filtering was then processed by whitening and normalization filters.Based on the outputs of these two filters,the energy of all antennas within the group was summed,and the divergence was cal‐culated to obtain an energy detector.Although obtaining a closed-form solution for the distribution of divergence was challenging,we proved that when the number of antennas was sufficiently large,the statistical effect of massive anten‐nas could be used to derive the distribution of divergence.On this basis,the closed-form expression for the detection probability of extended target detection in a massive MIMO radar system was further derived.Moreover,it was proven that the energy detector can achieve optimal detection performance under the Neyman-Pearson criterion.Through simula‐tions,the correctness of the theoretical results was verified,and the impact of different system parameters on the detec‐tion performance of the massive MIMO radar system was further analyzed.

关 键 词：大规模多输入多输出雷达 扩展目标检测 目标物体反射系数 目标波束 能量检测器 

分 类 号：TN957.52[电子电信—信号与信息处理]