论石器时代的食物与宴饮对文明演进的推动  

On the Role of Food and Feasting in the Advancement of Civilization in the Stone Age

作　　者：薛小林[1] 焦建平 Xue Xiaolin;Jiao Jianping

机构地区：[1]兰州大学历史文化学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]宝鸡先秦陵园博物馆,陕西宝鸡721000

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第2期13-24,共12页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：甘肃省哲学社会科学规划重点项目“早期秦文化与甘肃地区中华民族多元一体格局形成历程研究”(2023ZD009)。

摘　　要：旧石器时代晚期人工用火遗迹大规模出现,人类较为稳定地食用熟食,火塘成为原始人生存空间的中心。熟食有助于人类的大脑发育与体质进化,火塘成为石器时代人类的交流空间,促进了人类语言能力提升、群体凝聚力增强和自我意识萌发,助推了人类文明的第一次演进。进入新石器时代,大多数聚落修建了宏大精良的大房子,用作部落举行公共集会与宗教仪式的场所。陶器、酿酒与烹饪技艺的发展以及大房子的修建,促成历史上最早宴会的诞生,部落首领利用大房子酿酒并举行宴会,实现了地位和权威的提升。与军事暴力不同,宴会是竞逐权威的方式,在文明进程中扮演的角色日益重要,持续推动人类文明的演进。从火塘到大房子的演变,是食物与宴饮对中国早期文明发生影响的历程。In the late Paleolithic period,the widespread emergence of human-made fire sites marked a significant transition as humanity entered a stable stage of consuming cooked food.The sites became the center for early humans.Cooked food contributed to the development of the human brain and human physical evolution.The sites also served as a space for communication among humans in the Stone Age,facilitating language capabilities,strengthening group cohesion,and nurturing self-awareness.This marked the first boost in the evolution of human civilization.In the Neolithic era,most settlements constructed large and elaborate houses serving for tribal public gatherings and religious ceremonies.The development of pottery,winemaking,and cooking techniques,along with the construction of these large houses,led to the earliest banquets in history.Tribal leaders utilized these grand buildings to brew wine and host feasts,thereby elevating their status and authority.Unlike military violence,banquets provided a gentler means of competing for authority,playing an increasingly significant role in the progress of civilization and consistently propelling the evolution of human culture.The change from fire sites to grand houses also represents the impact of food and feasting on the development of early Chinese civilization.

关 键 词：火塘 大房子 群体交流 文明演进 

分 类 号：K21[历史地理—历史学] G09[历史地理—中国史]