马料、马草筹送与宋军骑兵的驻动  

Collection and Transfer of Horsefeeds and Folder and the Station of Cavalry of the Song Army

作　　者：张勇 Zhang Yong

机构地区：[1]河北大学宋史研究中心,河北保定071030

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第2期85-92,共8页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：马料、马草是骑兵不可缺少的物资,北宋时期西北地区形成了州军异地搬运方式运送马草至沿边军前的方式。河北地区大多数是就地和籴马草、马料供应本州军马军。京师骑兵马草、马料大多来源于江南州军上供,另有一部分就地购买。到了南宋,临安驻扎殿前司和侍卫马军司骑兵部队的马草、马料来源于扬州、和州、高邮、平江府、江阴军、常州、秀州和湖州。镇江府和建康府骑兵部队所需马草、马料除了上述浙西州军是其来源地外,还有池州、舒州、蕲州和无为军等地。荆湖地区马军的马草、马料主要来源于潭州、郴州、郢州、荆门军、房州、信阳军和江夏等地。川陕马军的马草、马料从利、阆、兴州和大安等地就地入中运往军前。就两宋骑兵部队的马料来源来看,还是讲究就近补充。马军驻扎地决定草料的筹集地点,但不一定都是驻扎地。For the cavalry,horse feed and fodder were indispensable supplies.In the Northern Song Dynasty,a system for transporting fodder from other prefectures to the military frontiers along the border was formed.In the Hebei region,most of the fodder and feed for the local military horses were procured locally.The fodder and feed for the cavalry in the capital mostly came from the supply of the prefectures in Jiangnan,supplemented by local purchases.In the Southern Song Dynasty,the fodder and feed for the cavalry units stationed in Linan,including the Palace Guards and the Imperial Guards,mainly came from Yangzhou,Hezhou,Gaoyou,Pingjiang Prefecture,Jiangyin Jun,Changzhou,Xiuzhou and Huzhou.For the cavalry units stationed in Zhenjiang Prefecture and Jiankang Prefecture,in addition to the above mentioned prefectures in the west of Zhejiang,the sources also included Chizhou,Shuzhou,Qizhou and Wuwei Jun.The fodder and feed for the cavalry in the Jinghu region mainly came from Tanzhou,Chenzhou,Yingzhou,Jingmen Jun,Fangzhou,Xinyang Jun and Jiangxia.The cavalry in Sichuan and Shaanxi obtained fodder and feed locally from places such as Lizhou,Langzhou,Xingzhou and Da’an and transported them to the military front.From the sources of fodder and feed for the cavalry in the Song Dynasty,it can be seen that the principle of proximity was still followed.The location of the cavalry’s stationing determined the collection point,although this did not necessarily coincide with the stationing site.

关 键 词：马料 马草 宋朝马军 筹集地 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] K245[历史地理—中国史]