丝绸之路开启与昆仑神话书写的演变  

The Opening of the Silk Road and the Evolution of Kunlun Mythology

作　　者：李炳海[1] Li Binghai

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第2期93-99,共7页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大专项项目“中华文明与早期书写研究”(2022JDZD025)。

摘　　要：《山海经》记载的昆仑神话,分属于两个区域、两个时段。《西次三经》的昆仑指河套地区阴山,写定于先秦时期;《海经》的昆仑山指喀喇昆仑山,写定于西汉陆上丝绸之路开启之后。昆仑神话从《山经》到《海经》的历史演变体现在四个方面:水道名称从河套向西域的迁移,深渊巨池的从无到有,从天然之都到富丽堂皇的帝宫,守护之神从跳跃巡游到东向固守。丝绸之路的开启为昆仑神话的演变提供了重要的契机和动力,在此过程中,昆仑神话纳入许多西域文化的因素,由纯粹的中土神话演变为中土西域神话的交融,其中与古印度佛教阿那婆答多池传说的关联尤为密切。The Kunlun mythology recorded in The Classic of Mountains and Seas belongs to two distinct regions and time periods.The Kunlun mentioned in the Southern Mountains refers to the Yinshan Mountain in the Hetao region and was composed during the Pre-Qin period.The Kunlun in the Classic of Seas(“Hai Jing”)refers to the Karakoram Mountains and were written down after the establishment of the overland Silk Road in the Western Han Dynasty.The historical evolution of Kunlun mythology from Shan Jing to Hai Jing is reflected in four aspects:waterway names showing the migration from the Hetao region to the Western Regions,the emergence of vast and deep pools,the transition from a natural capital to a magnificent imperial palace,and the evolution of guardian deities from roaming freely to being stationed diligently to the east.The opening of the Silk Road provided significant opportunities and momentum for the evolution of Kunlun mythology.Throughout this process,Kunlun mythology incorporated various elements from Western Region cultures,transforming from a purely Central Plains mythology into a fusion of Central Plains and Western Region myths,particularly closely connected to the legend of the Anabodalu from ancient Indian Buddhism.

关 键 词：丝绸之路 昆仑神话 早期书写 历史演变 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]