前孔子时代的书籍与经典  

Books and Classics in the Pre Confucian Era

作　　者：徐建委[1] Xu Jianwei

机构地区：[1]“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”协同攻关创新平台、中国人民大学文学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第2期108-118,共11页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：中国人民大学重大研究工程项目“文明史研究工程”。

摘　　要：书籍的功能在古代是多元的,并非所有书籍都是为了阅读而制作。通过研究甲骨文、青铜器铭文等考古资料,可以观察到早期书籍形态的演变。从甲骨文所提供的各种证据,包括甲骨上遗留的用毛笔写的文字、表示书籍的“册”、文字书写方向、甲骨上模仿竹简的格线等证据,我们可以知道在公元前14世纪已经有了书籍。公元前9世纪,一些仪式和祭祀中的歌诗、先王的诰命、世系的历史等与祖先祭祀相关的文献被视作教化的文本而被选择出来,被赋予重塑信仰、身份认同、维系宗族和昭示等级的功能,这些文献是中国历史上最初的经典书籍,是知识、观念和文化的载体,纳入了贵族的教育,以重塑周代社会。The functions of books were diverse in ancient times,and not all books were intended for reading.By studying archaeological materials such as oracle bone inscriptions and bronze inscriptions,the evolution of early book forms can be observed.Evidence from oracle bone inscriptions,including characters written with a brush left on oracle bones,“册”representing books,writing directions,and grid lines imitating bamboo slips on oracle bones,indicates that bamboo and wood books were already existed in the 14th century BCE.In the 9th century BCE,some texts related to ancestral worship,including poems from rituals and ceremonies,royal edicts,and genealogical history,were selected as educational texts and endowed with the functions of reshaping beliefs,identity recognition,maintaining clan structures,and indicating hierarchy.These literary works are the earliest classic books in Chinese history,functioning as carriers of knowledge,ideas,and culture.They were incorporated into the education of the aristocracy,with the aim of reshaping Zhou society based on ancestral beliefs and bloodline heritage.

关 键 词：书籍史 书籍形态 阅读行为 篇目次序 

分 类 号：K221.04[历史地理—历史学]