重审“楚公逆”器群的归属——兼论先秦“异族同号”问题  

Reexamining the Attribution of“Chugong Ni”Bronze Vessels Group:On the“Different Clans with the Same Name”in Pre-Qin Period

作　　者：赵庆淼[1] 田佳茗 Zhao Qingmiao;Tian Jiaming

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院,天津300350

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第2期119-128,共10页The Central Plains Culture Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金冷门绝学研究专项之学术团队项目“卜辞地理研究与商史重建”(23VJXT001);“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”资助项目“商周青铜器铭文族群分类史征”(G2212)。

摘　　要：传世楚公逆钟和北赵晋侯墓地M64出土的楚公逆编钟,长期被视作西周晚期楚君熊咢自作之器。但绛县横水西周墓M2055出土的楚公逆剑,年代却相当于西周中期,而短剑的造型及人面纹饰,也带有鲜明的北方地域色彩,这便从考古学上否定了作器者为熊咢的认识。基于“楚公逆”器的出土背景,并结合生史簋、益公钟、小臣夌鼎诸铭所提供的人群与地理线索,可知西周陕晋地区大概同样存在一个以“楚”为名的国族,与周王朝的关系颇为密切。“楚公逆”诸器归属的重新审视,可为探讨先秦“异族同号”问题提供相应的借鉴。The Chugong Ni bell and the Chugong Ni chime bells unearthed from tomb M64 of the Marquis Jin cemetery have long been regarded as the work of King Xiong E,who ruled the Chu State during the late Western Zhou Dynasty.However,a dagger inscribed with Chugong Ni,which was unearthed from the tomb M2055 at the Hengshui cemetery in Jiangxian County,Shanxi Province,can be dated to the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty.The shape and the human face decoration of the dagger also have a strong northern regional characteristics.These factors challenge the original understanding that Chugong Ni was the work of King Xiong E from the archaeological perspective.By examining the context surrounding the unearthed Chugong Ni vessels and incorporating insights from artifacts like Sheng Shi vessel,Yigong bell and Xiaochen Ling tripod,it can be seen that there is also a state clan named Chu in the northern Shaanxi and Shanxi areas during the Western Zhou Dynasty,which is closely related to the Zhou Dynasty.The re-evaluation of the attribution of Chugong Ni vessels can provide valuable insights for the study on the issue of different clans with the same name during pre-Qin period.

关 键 词：楚公逆 楚公逆剑 族属 异族同号 

分 类 号：K221.04[历史地理—历史学]